Chapter 6 Flashcards by Layan Alo

-ectasis
-ectasia

Dilation, dilatation, widening

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cholangiectasis

dilatation of bile duct

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lymphangiectasia

dilatation of the lymphatic vessels

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-emesis

Vomiting

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hematemesis

vomiting of blood (from GIT)

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antiemetic

substance used to stop vomiting (drugs)

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-lysis

destruction, breakdown, separation

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hemolysis

breaking down of red blood cells with liberation/release of hemoglobin.

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hemodialysis

the use of an artificial kidney to clear metabolic waste products, toxins, and excess fluid from the blood

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-pepsia

digestion

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dyspepsia

difficult digestion

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-phagia

eating, swallowing

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polyphagia

excessive eating

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dysphagia

difficulty in swallowing

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odynophagia

painful swallowing

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-plasty

surgical repair

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Rhinoplasty

surgical repair of nose

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Enteroplasty

surgical repair of intestine

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Blepharoplasty

surgical repair of eye lid

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Abdominoplasty

plastic surgery on abdomen, commonly known as “tummy tuck”

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hemoptysis

spitting of blood

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-rrhage, -rrhagia

bursting forth (of blood)

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hemorrhage

bursting forth of blood

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menorrhagia

excessive menstrual bleeding

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dysmenorrhea

painful menstruation

amenorrhea

absence of menstruation

-rrhea

flow, discharge

-rrhaphy

suture

herniorrhaphy

suturing of hernia

-spasm

sudden, involuntary muscle contraction

pylorospasm

sudden, involuntary contraction of the lower end of stomach

bronchospasm

sudden, involuntary contraction of the bronchi

-stasis

to stop; control

cholestasis

stoppage of bile flow

hemostasis

stoppage of blood flow

-stenosis

tightening, stricture, narrowing

pyloric stenosis

narrowing of the lower end of the stomach

-tresia

opening

atresia

closure

esophageal atresia

closure of esophagus (congenital)

biliary atresia

closure of common bile duct

celi/o

belly; abdomen

celiac disease

disease due to damage of the lining of small intestine

cholangi/o

bile vessel/bile

cholangiectasia

dilatation of bile ducts

choledoch/o

common bile duct

choledochal

pertaining to bile duct

col/o

large intestine

colectomy

removal of colon

dent/i

tooth

Dentalgia

toothache

duoden/o

duodenum

gastroduodenal anastomosis

surgical connection between stomach and duodenum ( by removal of stomach pylorus)

enter/o

Small intestine

gastroenteritis

inflammation of the intestine stomach and intestines

gastr/o

stomach

gastrojejunostomy (gastric bypass)

anastomosis of jejunum with stomach

gastrostomy

new opening of the stomach to the outside of body

gingiv/o

gums

gingivectomy

surgical removal of gum tissue

gloss/o

tongue

glossopharynegeal

pertaining to the (pharynx) throat and tongue

glyc/o

glucose,sugar

glycolysis

breakdown of sugar

herni/o

hernia

herniorraphy

surgical suturing of hernia

labi/o

lip

labioglossopharyngeal

pertaining to the lips, tongue and throat

lingu/o

tongue

sublingual

pertaining to below the tongue

lip/o

Fat

lipase

enzyme that breaks down fats

lith/o

stone

cholecystolithiasis

condition of stones in gallbladder

odont/o

tooth

periodontal membrane

pertaining to the membrane that holds teeth in place

or/o

mouth

oropharynx

mouth and pharynx

palat/o

palate

palatoplasty

surgical repair of the palate

pancreat/o

pancreas

pancreatitis

inflammation of pancreas

pancreatoduodenectomy

excision of pancreas and duodenum

proct/o

anus & rectum

proctosigmoidoscopy

endoscopic/visual examination of rectum and sigmoid colon

pylor/o

pylorus

pyloromyotomy

incision of the ring of muscle at lower end of the stomach

rect/o

rectum

rectocele

herniation of rectum

rectosigmoidectomy

excision of rectum and sigmoid colon

rectal carcinoma

pertaining to cancer of rectum

sialaden/o

salivary gland

sialadenectomy

removal of salivary glands

splen/o

spleen

splenic flexure of the colon

pertaining to the bend of the colon near the spleen

steat/o

fat; sebum

Steatorrhea

fat in feces

Amylase and lipase tests

tests for the levels of amylase and lipase enzymes in the blood.

Liver functions tests (LFT’s)

tests for the presence of enzymes and bilirubin in blood.

Stool culture

tests for the microorganisms present in feces.

Hemoccult

test to detect occult (hidden)blood in feces.

cholangiography

X-ray examination of the biliary system performed after injection of contrast into the bile ducts.

Abdominal ultrasonography

sound waves beamed into the abdomen produce an image of abdominal viscera.

Endoscopic ultrasonography

use of an endoscopy combined with ultrasound.

Bariatric surgery

this is bariatric (bar/o=weight; iatr/o=treatment) surgery of sever obesity.