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Terminolgy > Chapter-7 The Urinary System > Flashcards

Chapter-7 The Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

Kidneys

A

nephr/o, ren/o

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2
Q

Ureters

A

ureter/o

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3
Q

Bladder

A

cyst/o, vesic/o

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4
Q

Urethra

A

urethr/o

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5
Q

retroperitoneal

A

The kidneys are organs, located behind the
peritoneal cavity

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6
Q

retro=
peritoneal=

A

retro= backward, back, behind,
peritoneal= pertaining to
peritoneum

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7
Q

Where are the kidneys located

A

They are present on
either side of the spine in
the lumbar region at the
level of the 11th and 12th
ribs

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8
Q

Each kidney consists of …parts

A

cortex
medulla

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9
Q

cortex

A

outer part of the kidney
(cortex means bark of a tree)

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10
Q

medulla

A

inner part of the kidney (medulla: means marrow, innermost part)

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11
Q

Hilum

A

depression on the medial border of the kidney through which the ureter, blood vessels and nerves pass
•renal artery enters the hilum​
•renal vein leaves the hilum​
•ureter leaves the hilum

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12
Q

Cali/o, calic/o

A

Calyx small cup

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13
Q

Caliectasis

A

Dilatation of calyx

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14
Q

Caliceal

A

Pertaining to calix

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15
Q

pyel/o

A

renal pelvis

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16
Q

Pyelolithotomy

A

Renal pelvis is surgically opened to remove the large stones

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17
Q

renal pelvis (pyel/o)

A

All collecting tubules/ducts lead to

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18
Q

Small cup like regions of the renal
pelvis called…..receive the urine and empty
it into the renal pelvis

A

calyces or calices
(singular = calyx or calix; cali/o or
calic/o

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19
Q

The renal pelvis empties urine into
the …

A

ureter

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20
Q

ureter/o

A

ureters

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21
Q

Ureteroplast

A

surgical repair of ureters

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22
Q

Ureters extend from

A

are narrow tubes (16-18 inches long) which
extend from renal pelvis to urinary bladder. They carry urine from a kidney to the urinary
bladder

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23
Q

cyst/o, vesic/o

A

urinary bladder. hollow muscular organ
that temporarily stores urine . It excretes urine through urethra

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24
Q

Cystoscopy

A

process of visualization of bladder

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25
trigon/o
triangle (Latin) A triangular region at the base of the bladder where ureters enter, and urethra exits.
26
Urinary meatus
(meat/o) external opening of the urethra.
27
urethr/o
urethra. Tube which carries urine from bladder to outside of body
28
Urethritis
Inflammation of urethra
29
Urethroplasty
Surgical repair of the urethra
30
Urethral stricture
Abnormal narrowing of the urethra
31
Urethrotomy
Incision of the urethra, for relief of a stricture.
32
Urethrotome
Surgical instrument for cutting a urethral stricture.
33
Nephron
Functional units of kidney which form urine
34
Each nephron contains:
• glomerulus (cluster of capillaries) • bowman’s capsule (membrane surrounding the glomerulus) • renal tubule (long twisted tube attached to bowman’s capsule)
35
glomerul/o
Glomerulus
36
Glomerulus
A small convoluted or intertwined mass (of capillaries or nerve fibers). Glomus: ball
37
nephropathy
disease of kidney
38
nephrosis
abnormal condition of kidney
39
nephrectomy
removal of kidney
40
nephrogram
record of kidney
41
nephritis
inflammation of kidney
42
nephrolith
kidney stone
43
nephrologist
kidney specialist
44
nephrosclerosis
hardening of kidney arterioles
45
nephroptosis
abnormal drooping of kidney into pelvis (floating kidney)
46
nephropexy
fixation of kidney
47
-pexy
Fixation
48
nephrostomy
new opening from kidney to outside of body
49
Glomerulonephritis
Inflammation of the kidney glomerulus
50
Pyonephrosis
abnormal condition, pus in kidney
51
Interstitial nephritis
Inflammation of the renal interstitium
52
inter-
between
53
-stitial
pertaining to, standing or positioned
54
Nephrolithiasis
kidney stones (renal calculi)
55
Hyperuricemia
uric refers to uric acid in blood
56
tripsy
crushing
57
Lithotripsy
process of crushing stone
58
Hydronephrosis
Swelling of the renal pelvis (with urine) due to obstruction of a ureter
59
Nephrolithotomy
Incision for a kidney stone
60
Nephrosonography
Process of recording the kidney using sound, such as an ultrasound test.
61
Renal
ren/o + -al e.g. renal failure
62
Nephrotic
nephr/o + -tic e.g. nephrotic syndrome
63
Paranephric
Pertaining to near/beside kidney
64
Urologist
specialist in the diseases of the urinary system of females and the genitourinary system of males
65
cystolithiasis
Urinary bladder stone
66
nephrolithiasis
kidney stone
67
ureterolithiasis
Ureteral stone
68
urethrolithiasis
Urethral stone
69
Lithotrite
An instrument used to crush a stone present in the bladder or urethra. Also called a lithoclast
70
pyelogram
record of renal pelvis & ureters
71
pyelolithotomy
Incision of renal pelvis to remove a stone
72
pyelonephritis
Inflammation of the renal pelvis and medulla
73
pyelocaliectasis
dilatation of the kidney pelvis and calices
74
ureteroplasty
surgical repair of the ureter
75
ureterectasis
dilation of the ureter
76
ureterolithotomy
incision of ureter to remove a stone
77
ureteroileostomy
A new opening of the ureters to an isolated portion of the ileum that has been removed and connected to the outside of the body for passage of urine to the outside of the body when the urinary bladder is not functioning
78
cystectomy
excision of the bladder
79
cystostomy
new opening in bladder
80
cystotomy
incision into bladder
81
cystoplasty
surgical repair of bladder
82
cystorrhagia
bleeding from bladder
83
cystoscope
instrument to examine inside bladder
84
cystalgia
bladder pain
85
cystodynia
bladder pain
86
cystogram
record of bladder
87
cystic
pertaining to bladder
88
Cystitis
bladder inflammation
89
Cystolith
bladder stone
90
intravesical
Pertaining to within the urinary bladder
91
perivesical
pertaining to around the urinary perivesical bladder
92
vesicoureteral reflux
backflow of urine from the bladder into the ureters
93
renal ischemia
deficiency of blood flow to a kidney due to obstruction of arteries
94
renal colic
Intermittent spasm of pain in kidney due to inflammation or calculi in a kidney or a ureter
95
meatal stenosis
stricture/narrowing pertaining to meatus
96
meatotomy
meatus widening by incision
97
trigonitis
Inflammation of the trigone (region of the bladder)
98
urinary
pertaining to urine
99
Micturition, Voiding or Urination
Releasing urine from body
100
bacteri/o
Bacteria, Bacteriuria
101
azot/o
Nitogen, Nitrogenous waste , azotemia (uremia)
102
Diabetes insipidus
It is an inadequate secretion or resistance of the kidney to the action of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
103
Diabetes
to passing through
104
insipidus
tasteless, lacking flavor
105
noct/o
Night
106
nocturia
voluntary, frequent urination at night
107
Olig/o
scanty olig/o ,oliguria, (very little)
108
ur/o
urine, urea
109
enuresis
involuntary discharge of urine or bed-wetting
110
diuresis
polyuria
111
Urochrome
chrome (color) is the pigment that gives urine its normal color.
112
stress incontinence
Involuntary discharge of urine with stress on bladder during coughing, sneezing or sudden movement
113
urgency incontinence
Involuntary leakage of urine when there is an urge or desire to void
114
urinary retention
Abnormal accumulation of urine in the bladder, when the outflow of urine from the bladder is blocked
115
Vesicoureteral reflux
Abnormal backflow of urine from bladder to the ureter
116
Metastatic hypernephroma
A renal cell carcinoma which has spread to secondary organs andtissues
117
Fulguration
the destruction of small growths or areas of tissue using diathermy (electric current).
118
Ureteroneocystostomy in Renal transplantation
transplantation of a ureter to a different site (other than the natural), in the bladder Ureter/o: ureter, -neo: new, Cyst/o: bladder, -stomy: creation of an opening like a mouth

Terminolgy (13 decks)

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