Chapter 6

Question 1

What are autotrophs?

Answer 1

“self-feeders”, organisms that make all their own organic matter - including carbs, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Also known as producers

Question 2

What are hetrotrophs?

Answer 2

“other-feeders”, organisms that cannot make organic molecules from inorganic ones. Ex: humans Also known as conumers

Question 3

What is C₆H₁₂O₆?

Answer 3

Glucose

Question 4

Where does the production of ATP take place?

Answer 4

In organelles called mitochondria

Question 5

What is aerobic?

Answer 5

Requires oxygen

Question 6

What is cellular respiration?

Answer 6

Aerobic harvesting of chemical energy from organic fuel molecules

Question 7

What is the equation for cellular respiration?

Answer 7

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ –> 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ATP

Question 8

What is the loss of electrons during redox reaction called?

Answer 8

Oxidation

Question 9

What is oxidized during cellular respiration?

Answer 9

Glucose

Question 10

What is the acceptance of electrons during a redox reaction?

Answer 10

Reduction

Question 11

What is NAD⁺?

Answer 11

Positively charged electron acceptor

Question 12

What is NADH?

Answer 12

The transfer of electrons from organic fuel to NAD+

Question 13

What happens in the first stage of cellular respiration, glycolysis?

Answer 13

A molecule of glucose is split into two molecules of a compound called pyruvic acid.

Question 14

What happens in the second stage of cellular respiration, citric acid cycle?

Answer 14

Completes the breakdown of glucose all the way down to CO2

Question 15

What happens in the third stage of cellular respiration, electron transport?

Answer 15

Electron transport from NADH to oxygen releases the energy your cells use to make most of their ATP.

Question 16

How many molecules of ATP does glycolysis produce?

Answer 16

2

Question 17

How many molecules of ATP can be make from one molecule of glucose?

Answer 17

32

Question 18

How does the poison cyanide kill?

Answer 18

Binds to one of the protein complexes in the electron transport chain Cyanide blocks the passage of electrons to oxygen No H+ gradient is generated, and no ATP is made. Cells stop working, and the organism dies

Question 19

What is fermentation?

Answer 19

The anaerobic harvest of food energy

Question 20

What is anaerobic?

Answer 20

Without oxygen

Question 21

What is produced during fermentation in muscle cells?

Answer 21

ATP

Question 22

What is produced during fermentation in yeast?

Answer 22

Ethyl alcohol

Question 23

During fermentation what is the waste product produced when electrons are added to pyruvic acid?

Answer 23

Lactic acid

Question 24

How many molecules of ATP can be produced from one molecule of glucose during fermentation?

Answer 24

2