Chapter 6

Question 1

What are Freud’s 4 types of anxiety he identified?

Answer 1

1. reality anxiety
2. objective anxiety (which is a response to a perceived threat in the real world)
3. Neurotic anxiety (when unacceptable id impulses are dangerously close to breaking into consciousness)
4. Moral anxiety ( brought up by the superego in response to id impulses, that violate the superego’s strict moral code)

Question 2

What are the two Freudian defense mechanisms?

Answer 2

1. denial

2. intellectualization

Question 3

Define: Coping strategies

Answer 3

refer to these efforts to cope with anxiety in the face of perceived threat.

Question 4

Define: coping style

Answer 4

a person’s general approach to dealing with stress

Question 5

Explain some types of coping strategies:

Answer 5

• Problem-focused strategies
• Emotion-focused strategies
• Avoidance strategies

Question 6

Define: problem-focused strategies

Answer 6

intended to take care of the problem and thereby overcoming the anxiety

Question 7

Define: emotion-focused strategies

Answer 7

designed to reduce the emotional distress that accompanies the problem

Question 8

Define: Avoidance strategies

Answer 8

deal with their emotions by pushing the anxiety-provoking situation out of awareness

Question 9

Explain coping flexibility

Answer 9

Ability to effectively utilize different coping strategies. & able to recognize when a coping strategy is not working.

Question 10

Explain Thanatos

Answer 10

Freud claimed that we all have an instinctual desire to destroy ourselves. But because a fully functioning ego does not allow self-destruction, the instinct is turned outward toward others.

Question 11

Explain Frustration-aggression hypothesis

Answer 11

this states “aggression is always a consequence of frustration… that the occurance of aggressive behavior always presupposes the existence of frustration, and contrariwise, that the existence of frustration always leads to some form of aggression.”

Question 12

What is another theory on aggression?

Answer 12

another theory is that frustration facilitates aggression only to the extent that it is perceived as unpleasant.
Thoughts that create negative feelings make the whole experience more unpleasant and increase the chances for aggression.

Question 13

List and explain the 3 types of parent-child relationship:

Answer 13

1) secure. Mother are attentive and responsive to their child.
2) Anxious-ambivalent. Not particularly attentive or responsive the the child’s needs
3) avoidant relationships. not very responsive to the child.