Chapter 6 Flashcards
(76 cards)
1
Q
anti-
A
against
2
Q
carcin/o
A
cancerous
3
Q
immun/o
A
immune, protection, safe
4
Q
lymph/o
A
lymph, ;lymphatic tissue
5
Q
lymphaden/o
A
lymph node or gland
6
Q
lymphangi/o
A
lymphatic vessel
7
Q
neo-
A
new or strange
8
Q
ne/o
A
new or strange
9
Q
-oma
A
tumor or neoplasm
10
Q
onc/o
A
tumor
11
Q
phag/o
A
eat or swallow
12
Q
-plasm
A
formative material of cells
13
Q
sarc/o
A
flesh or connective tissue
14
Q
splen/o
A
spleen
15
Q
-tic
A
pertaining to
16
Q
tox/o
A
poison, poisonous
17
Q
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
A
the most advanced and fatal stage of an HIV infection
18
Q
allergen
A
a substance that produces an allergic reaction in an individual
19
Q
anaphylaxis
A
a severe response to an allergen in which the symptoms develop quickly, and without help, the patient can die within a few minutes
20
Q
antibiotics
A
a medication that is capable of inhibiting the growth of or killing pathogenic bacterial microorganisms
21
Q
antibody
A
a disease fighting protein created by the immune system in response to the presence of a specific antigen
22
Q
antifungal
A
an agent that destroys or inhibits the growth of fungi
23
Q
antigen
A
any substance that the body regards as foreign
24
Q
antigen-antibody reaction
A
the binding of antigens to antibodies
25
autoimmune disorder
any of a large group of diseases characterized by a condition in which the immune system produces antibodies to work against its own tissues, mistaking healthy cells, tissues, or organs for antigens
26
bacilli
rod-shaped spore-forming bacteria
27
bacteria
a group of one celled microscopic organisms, some of which are pathogenic
28
benign
not life threatening
29
candidiasis
an infection caused by yeast, a type of fungus
30
carcinoma
a malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial tissue
31
carcinoma in situ
a malignant tumor in its original position that has not yet disturbed or invaded the surrounding tissue
32
complement system
a group of proteins that normally circulate in the blood in an inactive form; when needed, these cells compliment the ability of antibodies to ward of pathogens by combining with them to dissolve and remove pathogenic bacteria and other foreign cells
33
cytokines
a group of proteins such as interferons and interleukins released primarily by the T cells that act as intracellular signals to begin the immune response
34
cytomegalovirus
a group of large herpes-type viruses found in most body fluids and most often causing an infection without signs or symptoms; can cause a serious illness when the individual has a weakened immune system or when passed from mother to unborn child
35
cytotoxic drug
medication that kills or damages cells
36
ductal carcinoma in situ
breast cancer at its earliest stage, before the cancer has broken through the wall of the milk duct
37
hemolytic
describes the function of destroying worn out erythrocytes (red blood cells) and releasing their hemoglobin for reuse
38
herpes zoster
an acute viral infection characterized by painful skin eruptions that follow the underlying route of the inflamed nerve
39
Hodgkin's lymphoma
a malignancy of the lymphatic system that is distinguished from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma by the presence of large cancerous lymphocytes
40
human immunodeficiency virus
a blood borne infection in which the virus damages or kills the T cells of the immune system
41
immunoglobulins
bind with specific antigens in the antigen-antibody response
42
immunosupressant
a substance that prevents or reduces the body's normal immune response
43
immunotherapy
a treatment of disease by either stimulating or repressing the immune response
44
infectious mononucleosis
an infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) that is characterized by fever, sore throat, and enlarged lymph nodes
45
infiltrating ductal carcinoma
breast cancer that starts in the milk duct, breaks through the wall of that duct, and invades the surrounding fatty breast tissue; also known as invasive ductal carcinoma
46
interferons
produced in response to the presence of antigens, particularly viruses or tumor cells; they activate the immune system, fight viruses, and signal other cells to increase their defenses
47
lymphadenopathy
any disease process affecting a lymph node or nodes
48
lymphangioma
a benign tumor formed by the abnormal collection of lymphatic vessels due to a congenital malformation of the lymphatic system
49
lymphedema
swelling due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid within the tissues
50
lymphocytes
one of three types of cells that are formed in bone marrow as stem cells that act as specialized antibodies
51
lymphoma
a general term applied to malignancies affecting lymphoid tissues
52
lymphoscintigraphy
a diagnostic test to detect damage or malformations of the lymphatic vessels
53
macrophage
a type of leukocyte that surrounds and kills invading cells
54
malaria
a disease caused by a parasite that lives in certain mosquitoes and is transferred to humans by the bite of an infected masquito
55
malignant
becoming progressively worse and life threatening
56
mammography
a radiographic examination of the breasts to detect the presence of tumors or precancerous cells
57
metastasis
the process by which cancer is spread to a new site; may refer to the tumor itself
58
metastasize
to spread from one place to another
59
myoma
a benign tumor made up of muscle tissue
60
myosarcoma
a malignant tumor derived from muscle tissue
61
non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
the therm used to describe all lymphomas other than Hodgkin's lymphoma
62
oppurtunistic infection
cased by a pathogen that normally does not cause illness in healthy humans, but is able to cause an infection in a weakened host
63
osteosarcoma
a hard-tissue sarcoma usually involving the upper shaft of long bones, the pelvis, or the knees
64
parasite
a plant or an animal that lives on or within another living organism at the expense of that organism
65
rabies
an acute viral infection transmitted to humans through the bite or saliva of an infected animal
66
rickettsia
small bacteria that live in lice, fleas, ticks, and mites that transmit infection to humans
67
rubella
a viral infection characterized by a low grade fever, swollen glands, inflamed eyes, and a fine, pink rash; also known as German measles or 3-day measles
68
sarcoma
a malignant tumor that arises from connective tissue; plural sarcomas or sarcomata
69
spirochetes
long, slender, spiral shaped bacteria that have flexible walls and are capable of movement
70
splenomegaly
abnormal enlargement of the spleen
71
staphylococci
group of about 30 species of bacteria that form irregular groups or clusters resembling grapes
72
streptococci
bacteria that form a chain
73
systemic reaction
a severe reaction to an allergen; also described as anaphylaxis or anaphylactic shock
74
teletherapy
radiation therapy administered at a distance from the body that is precisely targeted with the use of three dimensional computer imaging
75
toxoplasmosis
a parasite that is most commonly transmitted from pets to humans though contact with contaminated animal feces
76
varicella
a highly contagious disease caused by a herpes virus characterized by a fever and rash; also known as chicken pox
