Chapter 2 Flashcards
(81 cards)
1
Q
aden/o
A
gland
2
Q
adip/o
A
fat
3
Q
anter/o
A
front or before
4
Q
caud/o
A
tail or lower part of the body
5
Q
cephal/o
A
head
6
Q
cyt/o
A
cell
7
Q
-cyte
A
cell
8
Q
end-
A
within, inside
9
Q
endo-
A
within, inside
10
Q
exo-
A
out of, outside, away from
11
Q
hist/o
A
tissue
12
Q
-ologist
A
specialist
13
Q
-ology
A
study or science of
14
Q
path/o
A
disease, suffering, feeling, emotion
15
Q
-pathy
A
disease, suffering, feeling, emotion
16
Q
plas/i
A
formation, development, growth
17
Q
plas/o
A
formation, development, growth
18
Q
-plasia
A
formation, development, growth
19
Q
poster/o
A
behind or toward the back
20
Q
-stasis
A
control, maintenance of a constant level
21
Q
-static
A
control, maintenance of a constant level
22
Q
abdominal cavity
A
the body cavity that contains the major organs of digestion
23
Q
adenectomy
A
the surgical removal of a gland
24
Q
adenocarcinoma
A
a malignant tumor that originates in glandular tissue
25
adenoma
a benign tumor that arises in or resembles glandular tissue
26
adenomalacia
abnormal softening of a gland
27
adenosclerosis
abnormal hardening of a gland
28
anaplasia
a change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other
29
anatomy
the study of the structure of the body
30
anomaly
a deviation from what is regarded as normal
31
anterior
situated in the front
32
aplasia
the defective development of congenital absence of an organ or tissue
33
bloodborne transmission
the spread of a disease through contact with blood or other body fluids contaminated with blood
34
caudal
toward the lower part of the body
35
cephalic
toward the head
36
chromosome
a genetic structure located within the nucleus of each cell
37
communicable disease
any disease transmitted from one person to another either directly or by indirect contact with contaminated objects
38
congenital disorder
an abnormal condition that exists at the time of birth
39
cytoplasm
the material located within the cell membrane that is not the nucleus
40
distal
situated farthest from the midline or beginning of a body structure
41
dorsal
back of the body or organ
42
dysplasia
abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, or organs
43
endemic
referring to the ongoing presence of a disease, such as the common cold, within a population, group, or area
44
endocrine glands
glands that secrete hormones directly into the blood stream
45
epidemic
a sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease within a specific population group or area
46
epigastric region
the region located above the stomach
47
etiology
the study of the cause of diseases
48
exocrine glands
glands that secrete chemical substances into ducts leading either to other organs or out of the body
49
functional disorder
produces symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified
50
genetic disorder
a pathological condition caused by an absent or defective gene
51
geriatrician
a physician who specializes in the care of older people
52
hemophilia
a group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which a blood clotting factor is missing
53
histology
the microscopic study of the structure, composition and function of tissues
54
homeostasis
the processes through which the body maintains a constant internal environment
55
hyperplasia
the enlargement of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal increase in the number of cells in the tissues
56
hypertrophy
a general increase in the bulk of a body part or organ that is due to an increase in the size, but not in the number, of the cells in the tissue
57
hypogastric region
the region of the abdomen that is located below the stomach
58
hypoplasia
the incomplete development of an organ or tissue usually due to a deficiency in the number of cells
59
iatrogenic illness
unfavorable response due to the prescribed medical treatment
60
idiopathic disorder
an illness without a known cause
61
infectious disease
illness caused by a living pathogenic organism such as bacteria and viruses
62
inguinal
relating to the groin, refers to the entire lower portion of the abdomen including the groin
63
medial
the direction toward or nearer the midline
64
mesentery
the fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall
65
midsagittal plane
the vertical plane that divides the body, from top to bottom, into equal left and right halves
66
nosocomial infection
a disease acquired in a hospital or clinical setting
67
pandemic
a disease outbreak occurring over a large geographic area, possibly world wide
68
pelvic cavity
the space formed by the hip bones that contains the organs of the reproductive and excretory systems
69
peritoneum
the multilayered membrane that protects and holds the organs in place within the abdominal cavity
70
peritonitis
inflammation of the peritoneum
71
phenylketonuria
a genetic disorder in which the essential digestive enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase is missing
72
physiology
the study of the function of the body structures
73
posterior
situated in the back or on the back part of an organ
74
proximal
situated nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure
75
retroperitoneal
located behind the peritoneum
76
stem cells
unspecialized cells that renew themselves for long periods of time through cell division
77
thoracic cavity
the cavity that surrounds and protects the heart and lungs, also known as the chest cavity
78
transverse plane
the horizontal plane that divides the body into upper and lower portions
79
umblicus
the pit in the center of the abdominal wall that marks where the umbilical cord was attached before birth
80
vector-borne transmission
the spread of disease due to the bite of a vector capable of transmitting that disease
81
ventral
refers to the front or belly side of the body or organ
