Chapter 6- Ancient Rome

Question 1

patricians

Answer 1

wealthy landowners

held most of the power

Question 2

plebeians

Answer 2

common farmers, artisans, and merchants

majority of the population

Question 3

republic

Answer 3

form of government in which power rests with citizens who have the right to vote for their leaders

Question 4

tribunes

Answer 4

plebeians representatives
they formed own assembly
protected rights of plebeians from unfair acts of patricians

Question 5

consuls

Answer 5

Rome’s 2 officials
commanded an army and directed the government
1 yr term and one consul can veto other

Question 6

senate

Answer 6

aristocratic branch of romes government

Question 7

dictator

Answer 7

republic could appoint In times of crisis
leader who had absolute power to make laws and command army
usually power only 6 months

Question 8

legions

Answer 8

large military units

Roman soldiers organized into

Question 9

Punic wars

Answer 9

Roma and carthage’s long struggling wars

3 wars, Rome claims victory

Question 10

Hannibal

Answer 10

brilliant military strategist
Carthaginian general
had a big army, Calvary, 60 elephants
surprised attack on Rome

Question 11

civil war

Answer 11

conflict between groups within the same country

Question 12

Julius Caesar

Answer 12

military leader
joined forces w Crassus(wealthy Roman) and pompey(general)
he appointed dictator for life

Question 13

triumvirate

Answer 13

group of 3 rulers

Question 14

Augustus

Answer 14

Octavian
unchallenged ruler of Rome
“exalted one”

Question 15

Pax Romana

Answer 15

“Roman peace”

period of peace and prosperity under Agustus

Question 16

Jesus

Answer 16

born in bethlaham in Judea
A Jew raised in Nazareth
baptized by John the Baptist

Question 17

apostles

Answer 17

Jesus 12 original disciples

Question 18

Paul

Answer 18

apostle

enemy of Christianity then saw vision of Christ and spread christs teachings

Question 19

diaspora

Answer 19

dispersal of the Jews

most driven from their homeland when trying to break off from Romans

Question 20

Constantine

Answer 20

Roman emperor
fought 3 rivals for leadership of Rome
declared end of persecution of Christians

Question 21

bishop

Answer 21

priest who supervised several local churches

Question 22

Peter

Answer 22

apostle, traveled to Rome from Jerusalem and became 1st bishop there
the priests and bishops traced the authority to him

Question 23

pope

Answer 23

father or head of Christian church

claimed Peter first pope

Question 24

inflation

Answer 24

drastic drop in value of money coupled with a rise in prices

Question 25

mercenaries

Answer 25

foreign soldiers who fought for money accepted lower pay not loyal to empire

Question 26

Diocletian

Answer 26

``` strong willed army leader became emperor doubled army size split empire into Eastern and western he ruled east ```

Question 27

Constantinople

Answer 27

capital of Rome "city of Constantine" | was Byzantium

Question 28

atilla

Answer 28

Huns powerful chieftain guns United under Attila famine and disease kept Huns from conquering but took blows to Roman Empire

Question 29

Greco-Roman culture

Answer 29

mixing elements of Greek, Hellenistic, and Roman culture | "classical civilization"

Question 30

Pompeii

Answer 30

Roman town mt Vesuvius erupted and covered town preserved buildings and art

Question 31

Virgil

Answer 31

poet | spent 10 years writing famous Latin lit "aenid"

Question 32

Tacticus

Answer 32

Roman historian presented accurate facts about Romes good and bad

Question 33

aqueducts

Answer 33

designed by Roman engineers to bring water into cities and towns arches held up the aqueducts