Chapter 6 Part 2

Question 1

Are police mainly reactive when responding to citizen calls reporting criminal activity?

Answer 1

Yes

Question 2

Know what the community policing philosophy is

Answer 2

Community policing is made of four components; community-based crime prevention, changing the focus of patrol activities to non-emergency services, making the police more accountable to the public, and including residents in decision-making, and the view of citizens is changed to view them as customers and partners in the pursuit of social goals.

Question 3

What is the percentage of women who are sworn police officers?

Answer 3

12%

Question 4

Are police officers today more educated than their predecessors?

Answer 4

Yes

Question 5

Is one way of maintaining order enforcing traffic laws?

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

Are police reactive or proactive?

Answer 6

Mostly reactive

Question 7

Does an occupational environment affect the way a person interprets reality?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

Know what a subculture personality is

Answer 8

A subculture is the symbols, beliefs, and values shared by members of a subgroup of the larger society, where the members learn to cooperate and handle situations similarly

Question 9

Know the two elements of police work that define the working personality

Answer 9

The threat of danger and the need to establish and maintain one’s authority

Question 10

What do police officers spend the most time on?

Answer 10

Handling non-emergency services such as walking and issuing citations

Question 11

Which statement is true regarding the measurement of positive police productivity?

Answer 11

Accurate measurement is hard to have as quantifying police work is hard and it is often supplemented by other data such as traffic citations.

Question 12

Know the operational units of a police department

Answer 12

Patrol, investigation, traffic, vice, juvenile, drug, SROs

Question 13

Know the Kansas City Experiment

Answer 13

An area in Kansas City, Missouri was split into three sections where in one there was no preventative patrol, where there was a higher level of preventative patrol, and the control area. Over a year they found that patrol strategies had no major effects on the amount of crime reported, the amount of crime as measured by citizen surveys, or citizens’ fear.

Question 14

Know the types of policing; reactive, evidence-based policing, incident-driven policing, community policing

Answer 14

Reactive- Acting in response, such as police activity in response to notification that a crime has been committed.
Incident-driven policing- A reactive approach to policing emphasizing a quick response to calls for service
Evidence-based policing- using research studies to guide and create the best ways to deploy officers and plan patrols.
Community policing- community-based crime prevention, changing the focus of patrol activities to non-emergency services, making the police more accountable to the public, and including residents in decision-making

Question 15

The primary focus of an investigator or detective is?

Answer 15

Respond to serious crimes, talk to people, and search the scene to figure out what happened, so a suspect can be apprehended.

Question 16

Know what is meant by a clearance rate

Answer 16

The percentage rate of crimes known to the police that they have solved through an arrest; a statistic used to measure a police department’s productivity

Question 17

When officers interact only with other officers because they are the only ones who understand, what is that called?

Answer 17

Police isolation

Question 18

Know the types of stress; avoiding people from work life

Answer 18

External stress- produced by real threats and dangers such as the need to enter a dark and unfamiliar building, respond to alarms, or chase lawbreakers
Organizational stress produced by the nature of work in a paramilitary structure, constant adjustment to changing schedules, irregular work hours, and detailed rules and procedures
Personal stress- caused by an officer’s racial or gender status among peers, which can create problems in getting along with other officers and adjusting to group values that differ from one’s own, social isolation and perception of bias also contribute
Operational stress- reflects the total effect of dealing with thieves, derelicts, and those with mental illness; being lied to so often that all citizens become suspect; being required to face danger to protect a public that seems hostile; and always knowing that one may be held legally liable for one’s actions.

Question 19

Proactive strategies to combat crime include

Answer 19

Preventative patrol, riding around making presence known, directed patrol, directing resources to high crime areas, aggressive patrol, maximizing the number of police interventions and observations in the community

Question 20

Responding to a crime after the perpetrator has fled; minor, major, dangerous, rarely

Answer 20

Major

Question 21

Large police departments and special units based on offenses

Answer 21

Traffic, vice, juvenile, drugs, based on specific problems

Question 22

Proactive vs reactive

Answer 22

Reactive- Acting in response such as police activity in response to notification that a crime has been committed. Proactive- Acting in anticipation, such as an active search for potential offenders that is initiated by the police without waiting for a crime to be reported. Arrests for victimless crimes are usually proactive

Question 23

Incident-driven policing

Answer 23

A reactive approach to policing emphasizing a quick response to calls for service

Question 24

Differential response system

Answer 24

A patrol strategy that assigns priorities to calls for service and then determines the appropriate response depending on the importance or urgency of the call

Question 25

Know the SARA model

Answer 25

Scanning the social environment to identify problems, Analysis of the problem by collecting information, response to the problem by developing and employing remedies, assessment of the remedies to evaluate the extent to which the problem has been solved

Question 26

Know what a line function involves

Answer 26

Police components that directly perform field operations and carry out the basic functions of patrol, investigation, traffic, vice, juvenile, and so on

Question 27

Know the “broken windows” theory

Answer 27

Influential theory about increases in fear and crime within neighborhoods when there is insufficient police attention to seemingly minor public order offenses such as vandalism, loitering, aggressive panhandling, and prostitution

Question 28

On average how many types of difficult situations are patrol officers expected to handle per week?

Answer 28

3

Question 29

Responding to danger is a component of a police officer; culturalization, socialization, work responsibility, or working personality

Answer 29

Working personality

Question 30

What is not a characteristic of the job of a law enforcement officer?

Answer 30

High pay, not stressful

Question 31

Know the police subculture

Answer 31

The police subculture is the symbols, beliefs, and values shared by members of a subgroup of the larger society. The police subculture is made up of the working personality, the isolation of the police, and the stressful nature of police work.

Question 32

What is not a key element of the police subculture

Answer 32

Made up of woking personality, police isolation, and the stressful nature of the job