Chapter 7 Flashcards
Wrist and fingers joints (42 cards)
1
Q
Wrist joint (radoiocarpal)
A
Condyloid type joint
2
Q
Motion at the wrist joint takes place at
A
Between distal radius and proximal carpal row
3
Q
Each lesser fingers have 3 joints:
A
- metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP)
- proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP)
- distal interphalangeal joint (DIP)
4
Q
Metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP)
A
- it’s condyloid type joint
- 0 to 40 degrees of extension
- 85 to 100 degrees of flexion
5
Q
Proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP)
A
- it’s ginglymus (hinge) type joint
- full extension
- 90 to 120 degrees of flexion
6
Q
Distal interphalangeal joint (DIP)
A
- it’s ginglymus (hinge) type joint
- slight extension like 0 to 10 degrees
- around 90 degrees pf flexion
7
Q
Thumb has 2 joints:
A
- metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP)
- interphalangeal joint (IP)
- carpometacarpal joint (CMC)
8
Q
Metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP) of the thumb
A
- it’s ginglymus type joint
- full extension
- 40 to 90 degree of flexion
9
Q
Interphalangeal joint (IP) of the thumb
A
- it’s ginglymus type joint
- 80 to 90 degree of flexion
10
Q
Carpometacarpal joint (CMC) of the thumb
A
- this is unique saddle-type joint or cellular
- 50 to 70 degrees of abduction
- flex 15 to 45 degrees
- extend 0 to 20 degrees
11
Q
Movements:
A
Wrist:
- flexion/extension
- ab/adduction
Fingers:
- flexion/extension
- MCP joint also can ab/adduct
12
Q
Bones of our hand:
A
- 2 rows of carpals
- metacarpals
- phalanges (proximal, medial, and distal)
13
Q
8 carpal bones - 2 rows
1. Proximal row (from radial to ulnar side)
2. Distal row (from the ulnar to radial side)
A
Proximal row:
- scaphoid
- lunate
- triquetrum
- pisiform
Distal row:
- hamate
- capitate
- trapezoid
- trapezium
14
Q
Scaphoid bone is the most often injured
A
True because it has the most articulations with radius
15
Q
Forearm extensor muscles
A
- 3 Carpi (wrist) muscles
- 3 pollicis (thumb) muscles
- 3 digit (fingers) muscles
- 3 other
16
Q
3 Extensor Carpi muscles
A
- Extensor carpi radialis longus muscle (ECRL)
- Extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle (ECRB)
- Extensor carpi ulnaris muscle (ECU)
17
Q
Extensor carpi radialis longus muscle (ECRL)
A
- arise from the lateral epicondyle
- inserts at the base of the second metacarpal
- Actions:
Extension of wrist
Abduction of wrist
Weak flexion of elbow
Weak pronation to neutral from a fully supinated position
18
Q
Extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle (ECRB)
A
- arise from the lateral epicondyle
- inserts at the base of the third metacarpal
- Actions:
Extension of wrist
Abduction of wrist
Weak flexion of elbow
19
Q
Extensor carpi ulnaris muscle (ECU)
A
- arise from the lateral epicondyle
- inserts at the base of the fifth or pinky metacarpal
- Actions:
Extension of wrist
Adduction of wrist together with the
flexor carpi ulnaris muscle
Weak extension of elbow
20
Q
3 pollicis (thumb) muscles
A
- Abductor pollicis longus muscle (ABL)
- Extensor pollicis brevis muscle (EPB)
- Extensor pollicis longus muscle (EPL)
21
Q
Abductor pollicis longus muscle (ABL)
A
- it comes from the radius and goes to the base of the first (thumb) metacarpals
- Actions:
Abduction of thumb at carpometacarpal joint
Abduction of wrist
Extension of thumb at
carpometacarpal joint
Weak supination of forearm from a pronated position
Weak extension of wrist
22
Q
Extensor pollicis brevis muscle (EPB)
A
- it comes from lower middle radius and goes to the base of the first (thumb) proximal phalanges
- Actions:
Extension of thumb at
carpometacarpal and
metacarpophalangeal joints
Weak wrist extension
Wrist abduction
23
Q
Extensor pollicis longus muscle (EPL)
A
- it comes from lower middle ulna and goes to the base of the first (thumb) distal phalanges
- Actions:
Extension of thumb at carpometacarpal, metacarpophalangeal, and
interphalangeal joints
Extension of wrist
Abduction of wrist
Weak supination of the forearm from a pronated position
24
Q
3 Digit (fingres) muscles
A
- Extensor digitorum communis (EDC)
- Extensor diciti minimi muscle
- Extensor indices muscle
25
Extensor digitorum communis (EDC)
- it comes from lateral epicondyle of humerus and goes to bases of middle and distal phalanges of four fingers
- Actions:
Extension of second, third, fourth, and fifth phalanges at metacarpophalangeal joints
Extension of wrist
Weak extension of elbow
26
Extensor diciti minimi muscle
- it comes from lateral epicondyle of humerus and goes to bases of pinky finger
- Actions:
Extension of little finger at the metacarpophalangeal joint
Weak wrist extension
Weak elbow extension
27
Extensor indices muscle
- it comes from between middle and distal one-third of posterior ulna and goes to base of middle and distal of pointing finger
- Actions:
Extension of the index (pointing)
finger at the
metacarpophalangeal joint
Weak wrist extension
Weak supination of forearm from a pronated position
28
3 Other muscles
- Brachioradialis muscle
- supinator
- Anconeus
29
Forearm flexor muscles
- Superficial muscles
- Intermediate muscles
- Deep muscles
30
Superficial muscles
- Pronator teres muscle (PT)
- Flexor carpi radialis muscle (FCR)
- Palmaris longus muscle (PL)
- Flexor carpi ulnaris muscle (FCU)
31
Pronator teres muscle (PT)
- is comes from middle epicondyle of the humerus and goes to lateral radius
- Action: pronation of the forearm
32
Flexor carpi radialis muscle (FCR)
- it comes from middle epicondyle of the humerus and goes base of second and third fingers metacarpals
- Actions:
Flexion of wrist
Abduction of wrist
33
Palmaris longus muscle (PL)
- it comes from middle epicondyle of the humerus and goes base of the second, third, forth, and fifth metacarpals
- Actions:
Flexion of the wrist
34
Flexor carpi ulnaris muscle (FCU)
- it comes from middle epicondyle of the humerus and posterior aspect of ulna and it goes to base of pinky finger metacarpal
- Actions:
Flexion of the wrist
Adduction of the wrist together with Extensor carpi ulnaris muscle
- Innervates by Ulnar nerve
35
Medial Nerve
- Pronator teres muscle (PT)
- Flexor carpi radialis muscle (FCR)
- Palmaris longus muscle (PL)
36
Intermediate muscles
- Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle (FDS)
37
Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle (FDS)
- it comes from middle epicondyle of the humerus, ulnar and radius heads, and goes to middle phalanx of four fingers
- Actions:
Flexion of the four fingers at metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints
Flexion of the wrist
38
Deep muscles
- Flexor pollicis longus muscle (FPL)
- Flexor digitorum profundus muscle (FDP)
- Pronator quadratus muscle (PQ)
39
Flexor pollicis longus muscle (FPL)
- it comes from radius and ulna and goes to base of the distal phalanx of thumb
40
Median nerve contribution
From C6 to T1
41
Ulnar nerve contribution
From C8 to T1
42
Radial nerve contribution
From C5 to T1
