Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Kinesiology > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

Back/Torso (37 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Vertebral column

A
  • Cervical (neck) C1-C7
  • Thoracic (12 pairs of ribs) T1-T12
  • Lumbar (lower back) L1-L5
  • Sacral (5 fused vertebrae) S1-S5
  • Coccygeal (3-4 bones)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Vertebral Curvatures

A
  • Primary Curvature (kyphotic)
    C-shaped curve in a thoracic region of our vertebral column.
  • Secondary Curvature (lordotic)
    This curve comes after the primary curve during growing. Or basically development in the cervical and lumbar region
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Scoliosis

A

S-shaped curve, usually this curve goes towards the right
This causes scapula rise up higher then the other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Facet joint (Zygapophyseal joint)

A

Articulation between inferior articular facet and superior articular facet

  • this is synovial type joint that allows flexion and extension between vertebrae
  • Actions: bending and straightening your back
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Intervertebral disc

A
  • between vertebral bodies
  • absorbing compression you putting weight on the trunk of the body
  • the annulus fibrosus (an outer rim of dense fibrocartilage)
  • the nucleus pulposus (a central gelatinous pulpy substance)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Vertebral canal

A

Protects the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Lordosis

A

Increased posterior concavity of the lumbar and cervical curves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Kyphosis

A

Increased anterior concavity of the normal thoracic curve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Lumbar kyphosis

A

Reduction of the normal lordotic curve, resulting in a flat-back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Atlantooccipital joint (Craniovertebral joint)

A
  • the first joints in the axial skeleton
  • synovial tupe joint
  • formed by the occipital condyles of the skull sitting on the articular fossae of the vertebra
  • allows 20 degrees of capital flexion and 10 degrees of extension (or flexion/extension of the head on the neck)
  • 5 degrees of lateral flexion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Atlantoaxial joint

A
  • formed by the atlas (C1) and the axis (C2)
  • pivot-type joint
  • the most rotation within the cervical region occurs in this joint
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Anterior longitudinal ligament

A
  • runs the entire length if the spine from the base of the skull to the sacrum
  • attaches to the anterior surface of each vertebral body
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Posterior longitudinal ligament

A
  • runs from the axis to the sacrum
  • located inside the vertebral canal
  • attaches on the posterior vertebral bodies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Interspinous ligaments

A

connect the spinous processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Intertransvers ligaments

A

connect the transverse processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Supraspinous ligament

Study These Flashcards
A

connects the tips of the spinous processes of the remaining vertebrae

17
Q

Lumbar lordosis

Study These Flashcards
A

flat-back syndrome results in increased pressure on the lumbar disk and chronic low back pain

18
Q

Deep back muscles (Intrinsic/ paraspinal/ epaxial)

Study These Flashcards
A
  • true back muscles
  • support and move the vertebral column
  • innervated by the dorsal remi
19
Q

Superficial back muscles

Study These Flashcards
A
  • upper limb muscles
  • support and move the upper limb muscles
  • innervated by the ventral rami
20
Q

Deep back muscles

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Splenius muscles
  • Erector spinae muscles
  • Transversospinalis muscles
21
Q

Splenius muscles

Primarily responsible for extension of the head and neck

Innervation: the posterior lateral branches of C4 through C8

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Splenius capitis muscle
  • Splenius cervicis muscle
22
Q

Splenius capitis muscle

Study These Flashcards
A

Origin: lower half of the ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of the seventh cervical and upper three or four thoracic vertebrae

Insertion: mastoid process and occipital bone

Actions:
- extension of the head
- extension of the neck
- right side: rotation and lateral flexion of the right of the head and cervical spine
- left side: rotation and lateral flexion of the left of the head and cervical spine

23
Q

Splenius cervicis muscle

Study These Flashcards
A

Origin: spinous processes of the third through sixth thoracic vertebrae

Insertion: transverse processes of the first three cervical vertebrae

Actions:
- extension of the neck
- right side: rotation and lateral flexion of the right of the head and cervical spine
- left side: rotation and lateral flexion of the left of the head and cervical spine

24
Q

Erector spinae muscles

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Iliocostalis muscle
  • Longissimus muscle
  • Spinalis muscle

Actions:
- keep your spine erect (posture)
- vertebral extension
- lateral vertebral flexion (наклон в сторону)

Innervation: the posterior branches of the spinel nerves

25
Iliocostalis muscle
Ilio = from the iliac crest Coastal = ribs Origin: medial iliac crest, thoracolumbar aponeurosis from sacrum, posterior ribs 3-12 Insertion: posterior ribs 1-12, cervical 4-7 transverse processes Actions: - extension, lateral flexion and ipsilateral rotation of the spine and head - anterior pelvic rotation - lateral pelvic rotation to contralateral side
26
Longissimus muscle
The longest muscle of the Erector spinae muscle group Origin: medial iliac crest, thoracolumbar aponeurosis from sacrum, lumbar 1-5 transverse processes and thoracic 1-5 transverse processes, cervical 5-7 articular processes Insertion: cervical 2-6 spinous processes, thoracic 1-12 transverse processes, lower 9 ribs, mastoid process Actions: - extension, lateral flexion and ipsilateral rotation of the spine and head - anterior pelvic rotation - lateral pelvic rotation to contralateral side
27
Spinalis muscle
Origin: ligamentum nuchae, 7th cervical process, thoracic 11 and 12 spinous processes, and lumbar 1 and 2 spinous processes Insertion: 2nd cervical spinous process, thoracic 5-12 spinous processes, occipital bone Actions: - extension, lateral flexion and ipsilateral rotation of the spine and head - anterior pelvic rotation - lateral pelvic rotation to contralateral side
28
Transversospinalis muscles
- Semispinalis muscle - Rotatores muscle - Multifidus muscle -Deeper then Erector spinae muscles - Provide posture
29
Anterior vertebral muscles
- Longus capitis - Rectus capitis anterior - Rectus capitis lateralis Action: flexion of the head and upper cervical spine
30
Sternocleidomastoid muscle (anterior muscle) Primarily responsible for flexion and rotation of the head and neck
Origin: manubrium of the sternum anterior superior surface of the medial clavicle Insertion: mastoid process Actions: - extension of the head at the atlantooccipital joint - flexion of the cervical spine - right side: rotation to the left and lateral flexion to the right of the head and cervical spine - left side: rotation to the right and lateral flexion to the left of the head and cervical spine Innervation: Cranial nerve 11 and the spinal nerves of C2 and C3
31
Muscle of the thorax
- respiration muscles - during the quiet rest, the diaphragm is responsible for breathing movements
32
Quadratus lumborum muscle
Origin: posterior inner lip of the iliac crest Insertion: one-half the length of the lower border of the 12 rib and the transverse process of the upper 2 lumbar vertebrae Actions: - lateral flexion of the ipsilateral side - stabilize the pelvis and lumbar spine - extension of the lumbar spine - anterior pelvic rotation - lateral pelvic rotation to contralateral side
33
Muscle of the abdominal wall (anterior muscle)
- Rectus abdominis muscle - External oblique abdominal muscle - Internal oblique abdominal muscle - Transversus abdominis muscle Action: provide and maintain core stability (holding the abdomen)
34
Rectus abdominis muscle
Origin: crest of the pubis Insertion: cartilage of the 5-7th ribs and the xiphoid process Actions: - both sides: lumbar flexion - posterior pelvic rotation - right side: weak lateral flexion to the right - left side: weak lateral flexion to the left
35
External oblique abdominal muscle
- Origin: borders of the lower 8 ribs at the side of the chest; dovetailing with the serratus anterior muscle Insertion: Actions: - both sides: lumbar flexion - posterior pelvic rotation - right side: lumbar lateral flexion to the right and rotation to the LEFT, lateral pelvic rotation to the left - left side: lumbar lateral flexion to the left and rotation to the RIGHT, lateral pelvic rotation to the right
36
Internal oblique abdominal muscle
Actions: - both sides: lumbar flexion - posterior pelvic rotation - right side: lumbar lateral flexion to the right and rotation to the RIGHT, lateral pelvic rotation to the left - left side: lumbar lateral flexion to the left and rotation to the LEFT, lateral pelvic rotation to the right
37
Transversus abdominis muscle
Action: pulling the abdominal wall inward

Kinesiology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions