chapter 7 Flashcards
definition of human anatomy
Human anatomy s the study of the structure, shape, size, weight and location of all the organs of the human body.
meaning of human physiology
Human physiology is the study of all th systems of human body and their mutual relationships.
why is human anatomy and physiology important in physical education?
1.provides knowledge of structures of various organs
2. provided the knowledge about the functions of various organs
3. useful in prevention of sports injuries
4. serves in the process of rehabilitation
5.useful in the selection of sports
6. facilities preparation of training programmes
7.helps to know about chemical changes during exercise
8.serves to understand the anatomical and physiological differences about female and male
9.helpful in providing first aid to sportspersons
10.useful in developing physical fitness administration
11. aids in sports massage
12. faciliates understanding of the eviromental effects on sportsperson.
what are the two types in which the skeletal system is divided?
- axail system
- appendicular system
how many bones are there in skull?
28
how many bones are there in hyoid bone?
1
how many bones are there in sternum?
1
how many bones are there in ribcage?
24
how many bones are there in the vertibal column?
26 for adults and 33 for children
how many bones are there in upper
limb?
64
how many bones are there in lower limb?
62
function of bones?
- provide support
2.provide protection - bony system serves for the attachment of muscles
- bony system gives shape to the body
- act as levers
- passive instruments of locomotion
what are the different types of bones?
- long
2.short
3.flat
4.irregular
5.sesamoid
what are joints?
A joint or an articulation is the union of two or more bones in the skeleton.
what are the three types of joints?
- immovable joints
- slightly moveable joints
- freely moveable joints
what are the two types of slightly moveable joints?
- symphysis
2.synchondrosis
what are the six types of freely moveable joints?
1.gliding joints
2.hinge joints
3.condyloid joints
4. saddle joints
5.ball and socket joints
6.pivot joints
three types of muscles
- skeletal
- smooth
- cardiac
properties of muscles
- excitability
- contractility
- elasticity
- extensibility
functions of muscles
- big muscles provide protection to bones
- some muscles help in increasing the range of movements
- smooth muscles are concerned with the movements of internal organs
- cardiac muscles perform pumping action of the heat
- skeletal muscles provide the force of movements of the sekeletal system
circulatory system
a group of organs that transport the blood and other substances to annd from all parts of body
parts of circulatory system
- heart
- arteries
- veins
- capillaries
heart
hollow, cone shaped and muscular organ.
location of heart
slightly behind and to the left of sternum
