Chapter 7 Flashcards
(107 cards)
Medial temporal lobe?
The inner surfaces of the temporal lobes, containing the hippocampus and other cortical areas.
Episodic memory?
A memory for a specific autobiographical event. Where and when something occurred.
Semantic memory?
Memories for facts or general knowledge as well as personal information.
Semantic memory can be strengthened by ____.
Repetition.
Episodic and semantic memories share what 2 key features?
Can be communicated flexibly, consciously accessible.
Skill memories are generally not easy to ____ unlike semantic and episodic memories.
Communicate flexibly.
Metamemory?
Our knowledge of, and ability to think about our own memories. (If someone asks you for the weight of a boron atom, you right away know that you don’t know the answer.
Declarative VS non declarative memory?
Declarative can be verbalized/communicated, whilst the latter (including skill memories and other types or learning that don’t include semantic/episodic memory) that are not easy to verbalize/communicate.
Explicit memory?
Can be consciously recalled. (Memory of falling off your bike)
Implicit memory?
Can’t be consciously recalled. (How to ride a bike or balance)
Episodic memory is acquired when/how?
In a single exposure; the event itself.
How can you weaken episodic memory?
Repeated exposures of similar events (big parking lott)
Endel Tulving argued what about episodic memory?
He said episodic memory grows out of semantic memory… this means that an organism has to have a certain amount of semantic information before episodic memories can be built on that framework (i.e., you need to know what a graduation is before you can have an episodic memory for any specific graduation)
Are episodic and semantic memories independent?
Yes. They can affect one another.
HM’s story?
Had frequent epileptic seizures. Doctors knew the seizures started in either the right or left hemisphere, but his were so severe they couldn’t locate it. So they removed both temporal lobes. Had anterograde amnesia.
Radial arm maze?
a maze with a central area from which several arms branch off like the spokes of a wheel. The top of the maze is open so a rat placed in the maze can see out and use landmarks in the room, such as the placement of windows or posters, to help navigate.
Episodic memory requires a…?
Mental time travel, a re-experience of the event
Does mere exposure to information guarantee memory?
No.
Memory is better for information that ____ to prior knowledge.
Relates.
____ processing at encoding improved recognition later.
Deeper (the more deeply you analyze information)
Depth of processing effect?
Deeper processing at encoding of new information improved the ability to remember that information later on.
Experiments show that people are more likely to remember words if they are forced to think about their ____ content.
Semantic.
Criticism of depth of processing effect?
It is vague. How can we be sure it is deep processing?
Participants recognize more words from an image condition than from a pronounce condition.
fMRI scans show that during encoding phase the image condition showed more activity.