chapter 7

Question 1

social stratification

Answer 1

the division of large numbers of people into layers according to their relative property, power, and prestige

Question 2

slavery

Answer 2

a form of social stratification in which some people own other people

Question 3

bonded labor

Answer 3

a contractual system in which someone sells his or her body for a specified period of time in an arrangement very close to slavery, but voluntarily

Question 4

ideology

Answer 4

beliefs about the way things out to be that justify social arrangements

Question 5

caste system

Answer 5

a form of social stratification in which people’s statuses are determined by birth and are lifelong (400,000 yrs ago)

Question 6

endogamy

Answer 6

the practice of marrying within one’s own group

Question 7

class system

Answer 7

a form of social stratification based primarily on the possession of money or material posessions

Question 8

social mobility

Answer 8

movement up or down the social class ladder

Question 9

bourgeoisie

Answer 9

Marx’s term for capitalists, those who own the means of production

Question 10

proletariat

Answer 10

Marx’s term for the exploited class, the mass of workers who do not own the means of production

Question 11

meritocracy

Answer 11

a form of social stratification in which all positions are awarded on the basis of merit

Question 12

colonialism

Answer 12

the process by which one nation takes over another nation, usually for the purpose of exploiting its labor and natural resources

Question 13

culture of poverty

Answer 13

the assumption that the values and behaviors of the poor make them fundamentally different from other people

Question 14

neocolonialism

Answer 14

the economic and political dominance of the Least Industrialized Nations by the Most Industrialized Nations

Question 15

wealth

Answer 15

the total value of everything that someone owns, minus the debts

Question 16

power

Answer 16

the ability to get your way, even over the resistance of others

Question 17

the “tripod”

Answer 17

race
sex
class

Question 18

enslavement

Answer 18

taking people from birth and raising them as property

Question 19

_____ ______ brought back gunpowder to Europe, which started the European takeover

Answer 19

Marco Polo

Question 20

came to the Americas for ______ __________

Answer 20

economic opportunity

Question 21

indentured servitude

Answer 21

bringing serfs to America with the deal of working for 7 years for a free future

Question 22

new world slavery

Answer 22

bringing people from another world into this one with chains since the Europeans weren’t working
based on phenotypes

Question 23

Linnaeus published ______ ________

Answer 23

Systema Naturea

Question 24

taxonomy

Answer 24

system of naming different creatures

Question 25

binomial nomenclature

Answer 25

two-name naming system for creatures

Question 26

6 races of man:

Answer 26

``` Africanus Americanus Asiaticus Europeanus Ferus Monstrus ```

Question 27

racism

Answer 27

thinking about race in terms of power

Question 28

origin of American ideology of racism

Answer 28

new world slavery clashed with the Christian value of "do unto others as you would unto you," so they created a loophole of viewing Africans as not fully human so it was okay

Question 29

origin of caste

Answer 29

Aryans conquered the Dravidians and there was intermarriage. The Aryans wanted to keep their superiority so the Dravidians got the worst everything.

Question 30

the _____ got the worst jobs

Answer 30

Dalite

Question 31

the _____ got the best jobs

Answer 31

Brahmen

Question 32

the real beginning of feminism

Answer 32

patriarchy

Question 33

suffrage movement

Answer 33

women wanting to be more active in society, wanting to vote

Question 34

the first wave of feminism

Answer 34

suffrage movement

Question 35

the second wave of feminism

Answer 35

equity (property, credit, etc.)-- after the war

Question 36

the third wave of feminism

Answer 36

third wave--- deconstruction of patriarchy

Question 37

Marx believes class is _____ & ______

Answer 37

wealth & power

Question 38

Vaber's cardinal attributes of social class:

Answer 38

``` wealth & power income education occupation attitudes & values ```

Question 39

Prof Dave's definition of social class:

Answer 39

" a network of families who interact and intra marry occupy comparable positions in the institutions, share a common lifestyle, and a constellation of attitudes and values."

Question 40

standard sociological model of social class:

Answer 40

``` owners managerial/professional clerical (white-collar) working (blue-collar) working poor poor ```

Question 41

owners class are what percentage?

Answer 41

1%

Question 42

managerial/professional class are what percentage?

Answer 42

3%

Question 43

clerical class are what percentage?

Answer 43

35%

Question 44

working class are what percentage?

Answer 44

35%

Question 45

working poor are what percentage?

Answer 45

20%

Question 46

poor are what percentage?

Answer 46

7%