Flashcards in Chapter 7 Deck (53):
0
Clovis
Conquered Gaul and converted them to Christianity
1
Medieval
Middle Ages in Europe
2
Franks
A Germanic tribe that conquered Gaul and neighboring lands in the 400s.
3
Charles Martel
Rallied Frankish warriors at the Battle of Tours and defeated Muslims
4
Battle of Tours
732, Christian warriors triumphed
5
Charlemagne "Charles the Great"
King of Franks, Roman Emperor
6
Magyars
An ethnic group centered in present-day Hungary
7
Vikings
Scandinavian people whose sailors raided Europe from the 700s to the 1100s
8
Dark Ages
Time period in which there was a political, social, and economic decline in Western Europe
9
Gaul
Present-day France
10
Alcuin
A scholar of York who directed the Palace School
11
Aachen
Where Charlemagne revived the glory of Rome
12
Pope Leo III
Proclaimed Charlemagne as Emperor of the Romans
13
Scandinavia
A northern region that now includes Norway, Sweden, and Denmark
14
Feudalism
Loosely organized system of government in which local lords governed their own lands but owed military service and other support to a greater lord
15
Vassal
A lord who was granted land in exchange for service and loyalty to a greater lord
16
Feudal contract
Exchange of pledges between lords and vassals
17
Knight
Mounted warrior
18
Fief
An estate granted by a lord to a vassal in exchange for service and loyalty
19
Tournament
A mock battle in which knights would compete against one another to display fighting skills
20
Chivalry
Code of conduct for knights
21
Troubadour
A wandering poet or singer of medieval Europe
22
Manor
A lord's estate which included one or more villages and the surrounding lands
23
Serf
A peasant bound to the lord's land
24
Siege
When the enemy would surround the castle and wait until the defenders' food ran out and they had to surrender
25
Motte and bailey
Developed in 1800s, tower built on a hill was motte and a courtyard surrounded by a fence was a bailey
26
Catapult
A trebuchet that hurls stones that are 600 lbs 1,000 ft
27
Eleanor of Aquitaine
Queen of Aquitaine, mother of Richard the Lionhearted
28
Sacrament
Sacred ritual of the Roman Catholic Church
29
Benedictine Rule
Emphasizes obedience, poverty, and chastity and divides the day into periods of worship, work, and study
30
Secular
Having to do with worldly, rather than religious matters
31
Papal supremacy
The claim of medieval popes that they had authority over all secular rulers
32
Canon law
Body of laws of a church
33
Excommunication
Exclusion from the Roman Catholic Church as a penalty for refusing to obey church law
34
Interdict
Excommunication of an entire region, town, or kingdom
35
Friar
A medieval European monk who traveled from place to place preaching to the poor
36
St. Francis of Assisi
Patron saint of animals, stressed kindness to all creatures
37
Pilgrimage
The one only way that medieval Christians shows their devotion to their faith
38
Medieval
Middle Ages
39
Baptism
Blessed with holy water
40
Monastery
Convent, place where monks live
41
Convent
Monastery, place where nuns live
42
Charter
A written document that set out the rights and privileges of a town
43
Capital
Money or wealth used to invest in business or enterprise
44
Partnership
A group of merchants who joined together to finance a large-scale venture that would have been too costly for any individual trader
45
Tenant farmer
Someone who would pay rent to a lord to farm part of the lord's land
46
Middle class
A group of people including merchants, traders, and artisans, whose ranks was between nobles and peasants
47
Guild
An association if merchants or artisans who cooperated to uphold standards of their trade and to protect their economic interest
48
Apprentice
A young person learning a trade from a master
49
Journeyman
A salaried worker employed by a guild master
50
Hanseatic League
An association to protect their trading interest
51
Flanders
Along with Italy, the two ends if the profitable north-south trade route
52