Chapter 7( Epithelial Tissues)

Question 1

What are cells ?

Answer 1

Cells are units of protoplasm surrounded by a plasma membrane.

Question 2

nucleus separated from the cytoplasm by ?

Answer 2

A perforated nuclear membrane,

Question 3

The nuclei of cells stain darkly with what?

Answer 3

haematoxylin and other basic dyes

Question 4

the cytoplasm stains with what?

Answer 4

eosin

Question 5

most tissues are com-plex, being made up of

Answer 5

several different kinds of cells.

Question 6

What are the building blocks that form the organs?

Answer 6

Tissues

Question 7

What is a simple tissue?

Answer 7

a group of cells of common origin having the same specialized structure, which fits them to perform a common function.

Question 8

What are the 4 categories of tissue ?

Answer 8

Epithelial tissue (derived from all three germ layers)
Connective tissue (derived from mesoderm)
Muscular tissue (derived from mesoderm)
Nervous tissue (derived from ectoderm)

Question 9

Epithelial tissue are derived from _____ germ layer

Answer 9

All three

Question 10

Connective tissue are derived from _____ germ layer

Answer 10

Mesoderm

Question 11

Muscular tissue are derived from _____ germ layer

Answer 11

Mesoderm

Question 12

Nervous tissue are derived from _____ germ layer

Answer 12

Ectoderm

Question 13

What is the arrangement of cells that made up the epithelium

Answer 13

closely packed and arranged in one or more layers.

Question 14

Epithelial tissue is specialised to form

Answer 14

the covering or lining of all internal and external body surfaces.

Question 15

Epithelial tissue that occurs on surfaces on the interior of the body is known as

Answer 15

endothelium.

Question 16

Epithelial tissue is usually separated from the underlying tissue by

Answer 16

a thin sheet of connective tissue; basement membrane.

Question 17

basement membrane provide what?

Answer 17

structural support for the epithelium and also binds it to neighbouring structures.

Question 18

What are the two types of epithelia?

Answer 18

Covering epithelia and glandular epithelia..

Question 19

Epithelial tissue can be divided into two base on cell thickness namely;

Answer 19

1. simple epithelium.
2. stratified epithelium.

Question 20

What is a simple epithelium?

Answer 20

An epithelial tissue which is only one cell thick

Question 21

What is a stratified epithelium.

Answer 21

An epithelial tissue which is two or more cells thick

Question 22

Simple epithelium can be subdivided based on the shape of their into

Answer 22

1. Squamous (pavement) epithelium.
2. Simple Cuboidal Epithelium.
3. Simple Columnar Epithelium
4. Ciliated Columnar Epithelium

Question 23

What is Squamous (pavement) epithelium?

Answer 23

Cells with appearance of thin, flat plates.
horizontal flattened, elliptical nuclei.

Question 24

Where are the Squamous (pavement) epithelium found?

Answer 24

lining of cavities such as the mouth; blood vessels, heart and lungs and make up the outer layers of the skin.

Question 25

What is Simple Cuboidal Epithelium?

Answer 25

roughly square or cuboidal in shape. spherical nucleus in the centre.

Question 26

Where are the Simple Cuboidal Epithelium found?

Answer 26

glands, in the lining of the kidney tubules as well as in the ducts of the glands and the germinal epithelium

Question 27

What is Simple columnar Epithelium?

Answer 27

The cells are elongated and column-shaped. The nuclei are elongated and are usually located near the base of the cells.

Question 28

Where are the Simple culmar Epithelium found?

Answer 28

lining of the stomach and intestines, nose, ears and the taste buds of the tongue.

Question 29

What are found between the columnar epithelial cells of the duodenum?

Answer 29

Goblet cells (unicellular glands)

Question 30

Function of the Goblet cells (unicellular glands)

Answer 30

secrete mucus or slime, a lubricating substance that keeps the surface of the intestine smooth and protected.

Question 31

What is a ciliated columnar Epithelium?

Answer 31

These are simple columnar epithelial cells, but in addition, they posses fine hair-like outgrowths, cilia on their free surfaces.

Question 32

Ciliated epithelium is usually found in

Answer 32

the air passages like the nose. It is also found in the uterus and Fallopian tubes of females.

Question 33

Classification Based on Cell Arrangement

Answer 33

1. Simple epithelia: these are one cell thick. 2. Pseudostratified epithelia: these are more than one cell thick but all the cells rest on the basement membrane. 3. Stratified epithelia: these are many cells thick.

Question 34

Classification Based on Cell Shapes

Answer 34

1. Squamous epithelia: flattened cells shaped like paving stones. 2. Cuboidal epithelia: isodiametric cells. 3. Columnar epithelia: taller than they are wide. 4. Transitional epithelia: change their shape when the epithelium is stretched.

Question 35

There are _____ possible classes if the two schemes of classification are combined, but only _____ of them occur.

Answer 35

1. twelve 2. eight