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AEB 122 > Chapter 7( Epithelial Tissues) > Flashcards

Chapter 7( Epithelial Tissues) Flashcards

1
Q

What are cells ?

A

Cells are units of protoplasm surrounded by a plasma membrane.

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2
Q

nucleus separated from the cytoplasm by ?

A

A perforated nuclear membrane,

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3
Q

The nuclei of cells stain darkly with what?

A

haematoxylin and other basic dyes

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4
Q

the cytoplasm stains with what?

A

eosin

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5
Q

most tissues are com-plex, being made up of

A

several different kinds of cells.

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6
Q

What are the building blocks that form the organs?

A

Tissues

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7
Q

What is a simple tissue?

A

a group of cells of common origin having the same specialized structure, which fits them to perform a common function.

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8
Q

What are the 4 categories of tissue ?

A

Epithelial tissue (derived from all three germ layers)
Connective tissue (derived from mesoderm)
Muscular tissue (derived from mesoderm)
Nervous tissue (derived from ectoderm)

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9
Q

Epithelial tissue are derived from _____ germ layer

A

All three

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10
Q

Connective tissue are derived from _____ germ layer

A

Mesoderm

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11
Q

Muscular tissue are derived from _____ germ layer

A

Mesoderm

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12
Q

Nervous tissue are derived from _____ germ layer

A

Ectoderm

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13
Q

What is the arrangement of cells that made up the epithelium

A

closely packed and arranged in one or more layers.

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14
Q

Epithelial tissue is specialised to form

A

the covering or lining of all internal and external body surfaces.

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15
Q

Epithelial tissue that occurs on surfaces on the interior of the body is known as

A

endothelium.

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16
Q

Epithelial tissue is usually separated from the underlying tissue by

A

a thin sheet of connective tissue; basement membrane.

17
Q

basement membrane provide what?

A

structural support for the epithelium and also binds it to neighbouring structures.

18
Q

What are the two types of epithelia?

A

Covering epithelia and glandular epithelia..

19
Q

Epithelial tissue can be divided into two base on cell thickness namely;

A
  1. simple epithelium.
  2. stratified epithelium.
20
Q

What is a simple epithelium?

A

An epithelial tissue which is only one cell thick

21
Q

What is a stratified epithelium.

A

An epithelial tissue which is two or more cells thick

22
Q

Simple epithelium can be subdivided based on the shape of their into

A
  1. Squamous (pavement) epithelium.
  2. Simple Cuboidal Epithelium.
  3. Simple Columnar Epithelium
  4. Ciliated Columnar Epithelium
23
Q

What is Squamous (pavement) epithelium?

A

Cells with appearance of thin, flat plates.
horizontal flattened, elliptical nuclei.

24
Q

Where are the Squamous (pavement) epithelium found?

A

lining of cavities such as the mouth; blood vessels, heart and lungs and make up the outer layers of the skin.

25
Q

What is Simple Cuboidal Epithelium?

A

roughly square or cuboidal in shape.
spherical nucleus in the centre.

26
Q

Where are the Simple Cuboidal Epithelium found?

A

glands, in the lining of the kidney tubules as well as in the ducts of the glands and the germinal epithelium

27
Q

What is Simple columnar Epithelium?

A

The cells are elongated and column-shaped.
The nuclei are elongated and are usually located near the base of the cells.

28
Q

Where are the Simple culmar Epithelium found?

A

lining of the stomach and intestines, nose, ears and the taste buds of the tongue.

29
Q

What are found between the columnar epithelial cells of the duodenum?

A

Goblet cells (unicellular glands)

30
Q

Function of the Goblet cells (unicellular glands)

A

secrete mucus or slime, a lubricating substance that keeps the surface of the intestine smooth and protected.

31
Q

What is a ciliated columnar Epithelium?

A

These are simple columnar epithelial cells, but in addition, they posses fine hair-like outgrowths, cilia on their free surfaces.

32
Q

Ciliated epithelium is usually found in

A

the air passages like the nose. It is also found in the uterus and Fallopian tubes of females.

33
Q

Classification Based on Cell Arrangement

A
  1. Simple epithelia: these are one cell thick.
  2. Pseudostratified epithelia: these are more than one cell thick but all the cells rest on the basement membrane.
  3. Stratified epithelia: these are many cells thick.
34
Q

Classification Based on Cell Shapes

A
  1. Squamous epithelia: flattened cells shaped like paving stones.
  2. Cuboidal epithelia: isodiametric cells.
  3. Columnar epithelia: taller than they are wide.
  4. Transitional epithelia: change their shape when the epithelium is stretched.
35
Q

There are _____ possible classes if the two schemes of classification are combined, but only _____ of them occur.

A
  1. twelve
  2. eight

AEB 122 (13 decks)

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