Chapter 7 Key Terms

Question 1

anterior pararenal space

Answer 1

located between the anterior surface of the renal fascia and the posterior area of the peritoneum

Question 2

ascites

Answer 2

accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Question 3

diaphragm

Answer 3

broad muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities and forms the floor of the thoracic cavity

Question 4

epiploic foramen

Answer 4

opening to the lesser sac

Question 5

falciform ligament

Answer 5

attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and the undersurface of the diaphragm

Question 6

gastrosplenic ligament

Answer 6

ligament between the stomach and the spleen; helps support stomach and spleen

Question 7

greater omentum

Answer 7

double fold of the peritoneum attached to the duodenum, stomach, and large intestine; helps support the greater curve of the stomach, known as the fatty apron

Question 8

greater sac

Answer 8

primary compartment of the peritoneal cavity; extends across the anterior abdomen from the diaphragm to the pelvis

Question 9

homeostasis

Answer 9

maintenance of normal body physiology

Question 10

inguinal ligament

Answer 10

ligament between the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic tubercle

Question 11

interturbercular plane

Answer 11

lowest horizontal imaginary line that joins the tubercles on the iliac crests to help divide the abdominopelvic cavity into 9 regions

Question 12

lateral arcuate ligament

Answer 12

thickened upper margin of the fascia covering anterior surface of the qudratus lumborum muscle

Question 13

left crus of diaphragm

Answer 13

arises from the sides of the bodies of the first two lumbar vertebrae

Question 14

lesser omentum

Answer 14

membraneous extensions of the peritoneum that suspends the stomach and duodenum from the liver; helps to support the lesser curvature of the stomach

Question 15

lesser sac

Answer 15

peritoneal pouch located behind the lesser omentum and stomach

Question 16

lienorenal ligament

Answer 16

ligament between the spleen and kidney

Question 17

ligamentum teres

Answer 17

termination of the falciform ligament; seen in the left lobe of the liver

Question 18

linea alba

Answer 18

fibrous band of tissue that stretches from the xiphoid to the symphasis pubis

Question 19

linea semilunaris

Answer 19

slightly curved line on the ventral abdominal wall that marks the lateral border of the rectus abdominis; visible as shallow glove when that muscle is tensed

Question 20

medial arcuate ligament

Answer 20

thickened upper margin of the fascia covering the anterior surface of the psoas muscle

Question 21

mesothelium

Answer 21

single layer of cells that forms the peritoneum

Question 22

Morison’s pouch

Answer 22

right posterior subhepatic space located anterior to the kidney and inferior to the liver where fluid may accumulate

Question 23

parietal periotneum

Answer 23

layer of the peritoneum that lines the abdominal wall

Question 24

pelvic cavity

Answer 24

lower portion of the abdominopelvic cavity that contains part of the large intestine, rectum, urinary bladder, and reproductive organs

Question 25

perirenal space

Answer 25

located directly around the kidney; completely enclosed by renal fascia

Question 26

peritoneal cavity

Answer 26

potential space between the parietal and visceral peritoneal layers

Question 27

peritoneal recess

Answer 27

slit-like spaces near the liver; space where fluid may accumulate

Question 28

posterior pararenal space

Answer 28

found between the posterior renal fascia and the muscles of the posterior abdominal wall

Question 29

rectouterine pouch

Answer 29

area in the pelvic cavity between the rectum and the uterus where free fluid may accumulate

Question 30

rectus abdominis muscle

Answer 30

muscle of the anterior abdominal wall

Question 31

right crus of diaphragm

Answer 31

arises from the sides of the bodies of the first 3 lumbar vertebrae

Question 32

scrotal cavity

Answer 32

in the male, a small outpocket of the pelvic cavity containing testes

Question 33

subcostal plane

Answer 33

the upper horizontal line that joins the lowest point of the costal margin on each side of the body to help divide the abdominopelvic cavity into nine regions

Question 34

superficial inguinal ring

Answer 34

triangular opening in the external oblique aponeurosis

Question 35

transpyloric plane

Answer 35

horizontal plane that passes through the pylorus, the duodenal junction, the neck of the pancreas, and the hilum of the kidneys

Question 36

vesicouterine pouch

Answer 36

pouch formed by the deflection of the peritoneum from the bladder to the uterus

Question 37

viscera

Answer 37

the internal organs

Question 38

visceral peritoneum

Answer 38

layer of peritoneum that covers the abdominal organs

Question 39

vital signs

Answer 39

medical measurements used to ascertain how the body is functioning