Chapter 7: Leaves

Question 1

a flattened, usually photosynthetic structure arranged in various ways on a stem

Answer 1

leaf

Question 2

an organ or structure at its earliest stage of development
-Origin of leaves

Answer 2

primordial

Question 3

the stalk of a leaf

Answer 3

petiole

Question 4

the conspicuous flattened part of a leaf or seaweed

Answer 4

blade

Question 5

without petiole or pedicel; attached directly by the base

Answer 5

sessile

Question 6

when a plant is shedding its leaves annually

Answer 6

deciduous

Question 7

a leaf with the blade undivided into leaflets

Answer 7

simple leaf

Question 8

a leaf whose blade is divided into distinct leaflets

Answer 8

compound leaf

Question 9

having leaflets or veins on both sides of a common axis to which they are attached

Answer 9

pinnately compound

Question 10

the axis of pinnately compound leaf or frond extending between the lowermost leaflets or pinnae and the terminal leaflet or pinna (corresponds with the midrib of a simple leaf)

Answer 10

rachis

Question 11

heaving leaflets or principal veins radiating out from a common point

Answer 11

palmately compound

Question 12

a minute pore or opening in the epidermis of leaves, herbaceous stems, and the sporophytes of hornworts; it is flanked by two guard cells that regulate its opening and closing and thus regulate gas exchange and transpiration

Answer 12

stoma (pl. stomata)

Question 13

What are some functions of leaves?

Answer 13

respiration, transpiration, and photosynthesis

Question 14

loss of water in vapor form; most takes place through the stomata

Answer 14

transpiration

Question 15

the exudation from leaves of water in liquid form due to root pressure

Answer 15

guttation

Question 16

region of a stem where one or more leaves are attached

Answer 16

node

Question 17

a stem region between nodes

Answer 17

internode

Question 18

placed at different heights or distance from one another, as leaves can be arranged on a stem

Answer 18

alternate

Question 19

placed at same heights or distance from one another, as leaves can be arranged on a stem

Answer 19

opposite

Question 20

having three or more leaves or other structures at a node, as leaves can be arranged on a stem

Answer 20

whorled

Question 21

of vein arrangements, having leaflets or veins on both sides of a common axis to which they are attached

Answer 21

pinnately veined

Question 22

primary region of vascular tissue, usually spanning the center of a leaf

Answer 22

midvein

Question 23

the central (main) vein of a pinnately veined leaf or leaflet

Answer 23

midrib

Question 24

of vein arrangements, having leaflets or principal veins radiating out from a common point

Answer 24

palmately veined

Question 25

a small body of variable shape and size that may secrete certain substances but that also may be functionless -Occur in the form of depressions, protuberances, or appendages either directly on the leaf surface or on the ends of hairs

Answer 25

gland

Question 26

one of a pair of specialized cells surrounding a stoma -Regulate gas exchange between the interior of the leaf and the atmosphere, and regulate evaporation of the water entering the plant at the roots

Answer 26

guard cell

Question 27

parenchyma tissue between the upper and lower epidermis of a leaf

Answer 27

mesophyll

Question 28

consists of compactly stacked, barrel-shaped, or post-shaped parenchyma cells that are commonly in two rows; may contain more than 80% of the leaf’s chloroplasts

Answer 28

palisade mesophyll

Question 29

consists of loosely arranged parenchyma cells with abundant air spaces between them; also has numerous chloroplasts

Answer 29

spongy mesophyll

Question 30

a term applied to any of the vascular bundles that form a branching network within leaves

Answer 30

vein

Question 31

the parenchyma and/or sclerenchyma cells surrounding a vascular bundle

Answer 31

bundle sheath

Question 32

a layer of cells immediately beneath the epidermis and distinct from the parenchyma cells of the cortex in certain plants

Answer 32

hypodermis

Question 33

a slender structure that coils on contact with a support of suitable diameter; it usually is modified leaf or leaflet and aids the plant in climbing

Answer 33

tendril

Question 34

a relatively strong, sharp-pointed, woody structure usually located on a stem; it is usually a modified leaf or stipule

Answer 34

spine

Question 35

a pointed specialized stem

Answer 35

thorn

Question 36

a pointed outgrowth from an epidermis or cortex beneath the epidermis

Answer 36

prickle

Question 37

a structure that is usually leaflike and modified in size, shape, or color

Answer 37

bract

Question 38

the separation of leaves, flowers, and fruits from plants after the formation of an abscission zone at the base of their petioles, peduncles, and pedicels

Answer 38

abscission

Question 39

What do humans use leaves for?

Answer 39

shade, food, spices and flavorings, dyes, fuel, oil, drugs, beverages, insecticides, and waxes

Question 40

What leaf margin is this an example of? plant: pothos

Answer 40

entire leaf margin

Question 41

What leaf margin is this an example of? plant: mulberry

Answer 41

serrate leaf margin

Question 42

What leaf margin is this an example of?

Answer 42

doubly serrate leaf margin

Question 43

What leaf margin is this an example of?

Answer 43

pinnately lobed leaf margin

Question 44

What leaf margin is this an example of?

Answer 44

palmately lobed leaf margin

Question 45

What type of cotyledon is this leaf?

Answer 45

dicot leaf

Question 46

What type of cotyledon is this leaf?

Answer 46

monocot leaf