Chapter 7 ROCKS AND SOIL

Question 1

The layer of soil just below the topsoil is …

Answer 1

SUBSOIL

Question 2

Explain why a bone is not a mineral.

Answer 2

A bone is not considered a mineral because bones form from a LIVING THING and a mineral forms from a NON LIVING thing.

Question 3

Explain the importance of soil

Answer 3

The importance of soil is that plants need the soils nutrients and minerals to grow

Question 4

How is igneous rock that forms ABOVE ground different from igneous rock that forms from a BELOW ground?

Answer 4

Above ground the minerals are Small to see

Below ground the minerals are bigger to see.

Question 5

Mineral

Answer 5

Natural material that forms from a non living matter and make up a rock.

Question 7

Igneous rock

Answer 7

Rock that forms when melted Earth’s material cools and hardens

Question 8

Compare the ability of sand, silt and clay to hold water

Answer 8

Sand holds the most water
Clay holds a little water
Silt holds a medium amount of water.

Question 9

What is one way that sedimentary rock forms?

Answer 9

Sediments settle to the bottom of the rivers, lakes and oceans. Over thousands of years the sediments are pressed together and cemented. Sedimentary rock forms in layers.

Question 12

All rocks contain…

Answer 12

MINERALS

Question 13

What are ways to identify minerals?

Answer 13

We identify by their properties, color, streak, luster and hardness.

Question 14

Rock

Answer 14

Natural, solid, non-living material made of one or more minerals

Question 14

Metamorphic rock

Answer 14

Rock that forms when existing rock is changed by heat and pressure

Question 15

Describe clues found in sedimentary rock which show that living things have changed over time

Answer 15

Sedimentary rock show the remains of extinct plants and animals

Question 16

Predict which would dry faster after it rains: a sandy beach or a grassy field?

Answer 16

A sandy beach because some of the sand can get dry from the hot sun. The grassy field would take a Long time to dry and for the grass to suck up all the water.

Question 17

How are rocks and minerals alike?
How are they different?
Use a graphic organizer to show your answer

Answer 17

Rocks and minerals are alike because rocks are minerals BUT not all minerals are rocks…GRAPH.

Question 18

Loam

Answer 18

Soil that contains the mixture of humus and minerals for sand, silt and clay

Question 19

Describe the layers of soil from top to bottom

Answer 19

TOPSOIL is the top layer that includes rock particles mixed with the dark products of decay.
SUBSOIL is under topsoil and is lighter in color and includes pieces of broken rock, tree roots and water from precipitation.
BEDROCK is rock that breaks down. It provides raw material for making new soil

Question 20

Decay

Answer 20

The process when living things in soil break down the remains of plants and animals.

Question 21

Soil

Answer 21

The thin layer of loose material that covers most of earths land

Question 21

In what rocks are fossils often found?

Answer 21

SEDIMENTARY

Question 21

What is a minerals streak?

Answer 21

A minerals streak is when you rub a mineral on something rough and it may leave a mark or powder

Question 22

Sedimentary rock

Answer 22

Rock made up of layers of sediment that have hardened.

Fossils of extinct plants and animals can be found in sedimentary rocks.

Question 23

What are some physical properties of rocks?

Answer 23

Physical properties are:
COLOR
What MINERALS they are made of
TEXTURE

Question 24

Nutrients

Answer 24

Things plants need in order to grow, found in good soil.