Chapter 7 Skeletal System Part 1 Notes Flashcards
(34 cards)
What is the Axial Skeleton?
The Bones that form the longitudinal axis of the body
What is the Appendicular Skeleton?
The bones of the limbs and girdles.
The Skeletal system includes?
Bones, Cartilages, Joints, Ligaments
Functions of the bones include?
Support, Protection, Movement, Storage, Blood Cell formation
How many bones are in a adult skeleton?
206 Bones
How many basic types of bone tissue are there?
- Compact Bone
- Spongy Bone
What is a compact Bone?
Its a dense and looks smooth and homogenous
What is a spongy bone?
Composed of small needlelike pieces of bone and lost of open space
What are long bones?
Bones that are typically longer than they are wide; made mostly of compact bone.
What are short bones?
Generally cube-shaped; contain mostly spongy bone
What are Flat bones?
Bones that are thin, flattened, and usually curved; contain two thin layers of compact bone sandwiched between a layer of spongy bone.
What are irregular bones?
Bones that do not fit one of the preceding categories
What is a Diaphysis?
Shaft; makes up most of the bone length and is composed of compact bone
What is Periosteum?
A fibrous CT membrane that covers and protects the diaphysis.
What is a Epiphyses?
the ends of long bones; each end is composed of a thin layer of compact bone enclosing an area filled with spongy bone
What does Articular Cartilage do?
It covers the external surface of the epiphyses and provides a smooth, slippery surface that decreases frcition at joint surfaces
What is the Epiphyseal line?
A thin line of bony tissue spanning the epiphysis that looks a bit different from the rest of the bone in that area.
What is a Epiphyseal plate?
A flat plate of hyaline carilage seen in young growing bone. (causes the lengthwise growth of a long bone)
Where is Yellow Marrow Cavity found and what is it?
Found in the Medullary cavity. It is a cavity of a shaft; primarily a storage area for adipose (fat) tissue.
What is Red blood marrow and where is it found?
It is found in the cavities of spongy bone of flat and the epiphyses of some long bones; It is where red blood cells are produced
What are bone markings?
Bumps, holes, and ridges located on the surface of bones (reveal where muscles, tendons and ligaments were attatched and where blood vessels and nerves passed)
How many categories of bone markings are there and what are the names?
- Projections or Processes (grow out from the bone)
- Depressions or Cavities (indentations in the bone)
What is Osteocytes?
Mature bone cells
What are Osteoblasts?
Bone building cells
