Chapter 7 Skeletal System Part 2 Notes Flashcards
(23 cards)
What are Intramembranous bones?
Flat and the skull
What are Endochondral Bones?
All other bones
What is Ossification?
When bones first form as hyaline cartilage than the cartilage gradually changes into bone tissues
What are the two forms of ossification?
Primary Ossification (Shaft) Secondary Ossification (Ends)
Which two regions are not converted into bone when a infant is born?
The Articular cartilage that covers the bone ends
The Epiphyseal plates (provide how much growth of the longs bones)
Where is the Epiphyseal disk located?
The band of cartilage between the epiphysis and diaphysis
What is resorption?
When osteoclasts dissolve bone tissue to release minerals
What is Appositional Growth?
The process by which bones increase in diameter
What controls the growth of long bones?
controlled by hormones (growth and sex)
Ends when the epiphyseal players are converted into bone itself
What is bone remodeling?
When bones retain normal proportions and strength during long-bone growth as the body increases in size and weight
What is Rickets?
A disease of children in which the bones fail to calcify (harden)
What is a fracture?
A break of the bone
What are the two types of fractures?
Closed (simple)
Open (compound)
What is a closed (simple) fracture?
a fracture in which the bone breaks cleanly and does not penetrate the skin
What is a open (compound) fracture?
A fracture in which the bone ends penetrate through the skin
How is a bone treated? And how many ways are there?
Reduction (A realignment of bones) 2 Ways (closed and open reductions)
What is closed reduction?
when the bone ends are coaxed back into their normal position by the physicians hands
What is open reduction?
Surgery is performed and the bone ends are secured together with pins or wires
How long is healing for a bone?
Simple Fracture is 6-8 weeks
What is the 1st step of bone healing?
A hematoma is formed
What is the 2nd step of bone healing?
The break is splinted by a fibrocartilage callus. (CT cells form a tissue called fibrocartilage callus that is made of bone matrix and some collagen fibers)
What is the 3rd step of bone healing?
The bony callus is formed. (fibrocartilage is gradually replaced by a callus made of spongy bone called bony callus)
What is the 4th step of bone healing?
Over the next few months the bony callus is remolded and forms a “patch” over the fracture site.
