Chapter 8

Question 1

Is water renewable?

Answer 1

Yes, but distribution is unequal and lacks safe water.

Question 2

Evaporation & Transpiration (ET)

Answer 2

Water to gas
Evaporation of water from plants

Question 3

Water table

Answer 3

The top point of zone of saturation. The upper limit.

Question 4

Zone of saturation

Answer 4

Lots of water. Fills the air spaces underground. Completely filled up.

Question 5

Infiltration

Answer 5

When water goes into the ground. Atmosphere to surface.

Question 6

Precolstion

Answer 6

Water moving in different directions going more into the ground.

Question 7

Precipitation

Answer 7

Any form of moisture to the Earth
Measured with rain gauges–devices that capture precipitation and allow it to be measured by depth, weight or volume

Question 8

Las Vegas Annual Precipitation

Answer 8

4-4.5 inches

Question 9

Evaporation

Answer 9

Loss of moisture from vegetation (stomata)

Question 10

Actual evapotranspiration (AE)

Answer 10

How much water actually is evapotranspired and is limited by the amount of water that is available.

Question 11

Potential evapotranspiration (PE)

Answer 11

(water demand)
Amount of water that would evaporate and transpire under optimum moisture conditions

Question 11

Evaporation/Transportation (ET) measured

Answer 11

Evaporation pan measures evaporation
Lysimeter measures both evaporation and transpiration

Question 12

Measuring Potential evapotranspiration (PE)

Answer 12

Amount of water that would evaporate and transpire under optimum moisture conditions
Ex: water to plants
(Based on mean air temperature and day length)

Question 13

Deficit

Answer 13

Demand exceeds the moisture from precipitation (P)
Ex: droughts

Question 14

Surplus

Answer 14

Additional water beyond potential evapotranspiration demands

Question 15

Delta S

Answer 15

+recharge
-soil moisture

Question 16

Un-saturated soil

Answer 16

Still has water. Not completely dry.

Question 17

Baseflow

Answer 17

The bottom of the water bed, flows in the river.

Question 18

Drainage Basin

Answer 18

Where all the little streams flow into. The main stream.

Question 19

Groundwater

Answer 19

Water below the surface
Beyond the soil-moisture zone
Out of the reach of plants.

Question 20

Porosity

Answer 20

Spaces or voids between particles in a material such as
soil or rock.

Question 21

Permeability

Answer 21

Ability of water to flow through soil or rock.

Question 22

Aquifer

Answer 22

Subsurface body of permeable
rock or sediments through which water can flow.

Question 23

Perched water table

Answer 23

An unconfined aquifer has a permeable layer above, and an impermeable layer beneath.

Question 24

Unconfined aquifer

Answer 24

Has a permeable layer above an impermeable layer beneath.

Question 25

Cone of depression

Answer 25

Water table lowered into a point.

Question 26

Saturated zone

Answer 26

Water fills spaces between perticles.

Question 27

Artesian wells

Answer 27

Ground water sloping where ground water is under pressure.

Question 28

Drawdown

Answer 28

Lowering of water table; reversal of flow