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strategic & tactical considerations on the fireground > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Range from full service facilities handling hundreds of patients daily, to those with a few beds and limited care capabilities

A

Hospital

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2
Q

Hospitals can be comparable to a

A

Small city

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3
Q

Hospital preplans should be monitored at least _____ by the local fire department

A

Semi-annually

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4
Q

Fire codes
Code red
Code blue
Code white
Code amber
Code yellow
Code gray
Code silver
Code orange
Code triage
Code clear

A

Code red: Fire
Code blue: adult medical emergency
Code white: pediatric medical emergency
Code amber: infant or child abduction
Code yellow: bomb threat
Code gray: security emergency/patient elopement
Code silver: hostage situation
Code orange: hazmat/ decon needed
Code triage: external disaster
Code clear

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5
Q

The greatest danger for patients, hospital staff, and firefighters with an MRI machine is

A

The tremendous power of the magnetic

FF can be endangered with their PPE. SCBA and most firefighting tools will contain ferrous metals that will be forcibly pulled from their hands, or the firefighter can be pulled into MRI machine because of the SCBA

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6
Q

A fire in an operating room can be supplied with fuel from within the operating room and accelerated by the high oxygen content in the room

A

In operating rooms, the use of oxygen in conjunction with the ventilation system will allow a free burning fire

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7
Q

Most hospital fires in operating rooms involve

A

high energy electrosurgical units

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8
Q

Fires involving high energy electrosurgical units may not generate sufficient heat to

A

Activate the sprinkler systems within the operating room

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9
Q

Ventilation through the HVAC system will often be the only feasible method of smoke removal from an operating room

A
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10
Q

______ should be used in operating rooms to control and extinguish fires to minimize contamination

A

Portable carbon dioxide extinguishers

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11
Q

A critical time period for fires in the hospital is

A

At night

There is reduced staffing and the occupants are asleep, leading to alarm systems that may not be heard and disorientation on the part of the occupants

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12
Q

A facility in which the occupants are often bedridden, lacking mobility, and may suffer from dementia or Alzheimer’s disease

A

Nursing home

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13
Q

Designed to allow occupants the privacy of their own living quarters, and normally have minimal staff

A

Assisted living facility

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14
Q

_____ alarm systems can pinpoint the problem area. The bells or klaxons are sounded in a numerical pattern; when counted, these can identify on a chart the exact location of the alarm

A

Coded alarm systems

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15
Q

Occurs when the number of patients exceeds the level of stabilization and care that can normally be provided in a fast and timely manner

A

Mass casualty incident

Can be the result of man made or natural disaster

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16
Q

Communities can classify MCI at different levels

A
  1. A level 1 MCI: an incident that can be handled completely by the local agency with minimal or no outside response
  2. A level 2 MCI: requires significant assistance from outside agencies
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17
Q

Hospital notification in the event of an MCI

A

Level A or level 1: alerts hospitals that an incident has occurred and there is a possibility of a mass casualty

Level B or level 2: alert hospitals that a confirmed MCI has occurred and the affected hospital will be receiving patients

Level C or Level 3: alerts hospitals that an all clear has been declared, meaning the incident has been resolved or that all patients have been transported from the incident scene

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18
Q

Trauma centers must have a helipad for receiving patients

What are the 4 levels of trauma centers in the United States

A

Level 1: has a full range of specialists and equipment available at all time and must admit a minimum volume of severely injured patients annually
Level 2: works in collaboration with a level 1 center. Provides comprehensive trauma care and supplements the clinical expertise of a level 1
Level 3: does not have the same availability as level 1 & 2 specialist. But does have resources for emergency resuscitation, surgery, and intensive care. Has an agreement with level 1/2 for transfer
Level 4: provides for stabilization and treatment of severely injured patients in remote areas where no alternative care is available

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19
Q

______ is the basis of improvement of fire and EMS operations

A

Constructive criticism

20
Q

In an MCI triage what are the steps

A

-First step is to perform a primary scan of all victims. Should be done by first arriving unit.
-Second step is used to treat those injuries where the person has a chance of survival
-Third step includes a thorough examination followed by tagging

21
Q

What are the tagging classification in a MCI triage

A

Red tag — 1st priority — immediate transport

Yellow tag — 2nd priority — transport as soon as possible

Green tag — 3rd priority — minor/ delayed transport

White tag — 4th priority — no injury, no transport

Black tag — deceased — no transport

22
Q

Church. Gothic style churches are one story buildings that can be equal to four or more stories in height

A

House of worship

23
Q

A leading contributing factors of major fires in churches are

A

Delayed detection and delay in notification of the fire department

24
Q

The most common cause of church fires is

A

Arson

25
Q

The second leading cause of church fires is

A

Electrical problems

26
Q

Another major cause of church fires besides arson and electrical is

A

Fires associated with the heating plant in the building

And improper storage

27
Q

About half of all church fires occur

A

Between 2300 hours and 0700 hours

28
Q

The ceiling in a gothic style church is referred to as

A

A hanging ceiling

29
Q

After fire has control of the hanging ceiling, …..

A

It is past the control efforts of an interior attack

30
Q

Difficulty breaking church windows may be due to

A

They may be protected by Lexan covering or a wire screen

Will require power saws to remove them

31
Q

Prison and detention centers are called

A

Penal institution

32
Q

Many arson fires in a penal institution are started when there is a period of

A

Unrest

33
Q

The type of penal institution can be categorized by

A
  1. First generation confinement: indirect intermittent supervision; maximum security
  2. Second generation confinement: indirect supervision; little contact with correctional officers; medium security
  3. Third generation confinement: direct supervision; minimum security
34
Q

The attempt to use hose lines to control prisoners, if undertaken, must be performed by

A

Law enforcement personnel and not firefighters

35
Q

Under unified command in a penal institution incident, the operational section chief will be

A

Typically someone from the prison staff

36
Q

Roof ventilation in a penal system is normally

A

Non existent

37
Q

The number and placement of exit doors in a public assembly is based upon

A

The number of people that can reasonably be expected to occupy a building

38
Q

Tents are considered

A

Public assemblies

39
Q

The 3 leading cause of school fires finding from 2009-2011

A
  1. Cooking
  2. Intentional action
  3. Heating

Intentional action was the leading cause of nonconfined school fires

The leading area of nonconfined was the bathroom

40
Q

At schools a drawing of evacuation plans should be posted

A

Near the doorway of each classroom

41
Q

School drills should be conducted ____

At least once each semester, the drills should be monitored by

A

Monthly

The fire department

42
Q

The agreed upon definition for an active shooter by US government agencies is

A

An individual actively engaged in killing or attempting to kill people in a confined and populated area

43
Q

A consideration by specific agencies responding to an active shooter incident is

A

Restrict the use of lights and sirens within 2 blocks of the reported active shooter location for all emergency responders

44
Q

Police refer to an active shooter as

A

An armed person who has used deadly physical force on other persons and continues to do so while having unrestricted access to additional victims

45
Q

Many fire in penal institutions start with

A

The careless handling of smoking products and fires intentionally set in bedding

46
Q

At supermarkets, responders have to anticipate that if a catastrophic system failure occurs

A

It is possible for the store area to be flooded with coolant

strategic & tactical considerations on the fireground (13 decks)

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