Chapter 8

Question 1

Term

Answer 1

Definition

Question 2

organization design

Answer 2

the process that results in an organizational structure representing job design, departmentalization, centralization of authority, and span of management

Question 3

Efficiency

Answer 3

the ability to complete a task using a minimum amount of resources

Question 4

Control

Answer 4

the ability to make decisions and specify how those decisions will be carried out

Question 5

Responsiveness

Answer 5

the speed at which an organization can improve its products in response to customer feedback, employee suggestions, or competitive pressures

Question 6

Empowerment

Answer 6

the degree to which employees can make decisions on their own

Question 7

Job specialization

Answer 7

the separation of all organizational activities into distinct tasks and the assignment of different tasks to different people

Question 8

job design

Answer 8

structuring the tasks and activities required to accomplish a business’s objectives into specific jobs so as to foster productivity and employee satisfaction

Question 9

departmentalization

Answer 9

the process of grouping jobs into manageable units

Question 10

task significance

Answer 10

the importance of the task

Question 11

job rotation

Answer 11

systematic shifting of employees from one job to another

Question 12

Task variety

Answer 12

the degree a job requires different activities

Question 13

Task identity

Answer 13

how each job contributes to the final product or result

Question 14

Delegation

Answer 14

assigning tasks and some degree of authority to others

Question 15

organizational height

Answer 15

the number of layers, or levels, of management in a business

Question 16

decentralized organization

Answer 16

an organization where management consciously attempts to spread authority widely in the lower levels of the organization

Question 17

centralized organization

Answer 17

an organization that systematically works to concentrate authority at the upper levels of the organization

Question 18

span of management

Answer 18

the number of workers who report directly to one manager, also called the span of control

Question 19

organization chart

Answer 19

a visual representation of the structured relationships among tasks, responsibilities, and the people given the authority to do those tasks.

Question 20

matrix structure

Answer 20

an organizational structure where individuals from different functional areas work on project teams

Question 21

cross-functional team

Answer 21

a team of individuals with varying specialties, expertise, and skills that are brought together to achieve a common task

Question 22

line structure

Answer 22

an organizational structure in which the chain of command goes directly from person to person throughout the organization

Question 23

line-and-staff structure

Answer 23

an organizational structure that includes both line and staff positions

Question 24

informal organization

Answer 24

the pattern of behaviour and interaction that stems from personal rather than professional relationships

Question 25

grapevine

Answer 25

the informal communications network within an organization

Question 26

corporate culture

Answer 26

the inner customs, traditions, and values of an organization

Question 27

what are the four common objectives companies evaluate when building their organization?

Answer 27

Efficiency (complete with min resources) Control (who will control how it will be carried out) Responsiveness (flexibility and innovate) Empowerment (degree employees can make personal decisions.

Question 28

why is job specialization important?

Answer 28

Because it is often more efficient (to teach one person one task then to teach a bunch all)

Question 29

what is the difference between centralized and a decentralized organization?

Answer 29

where the power of delegation of tasks go

Question 30

is a narrow or a wide span have greater employees

Answer 30

wide

Question 31

what are the three pasic forms or ogranizastional structure?

Answer 31

line, line and staf, and matrix structure.

Question 32

What is the level of job specialization in a mechanistic structure?

Answer 32

High ## Footnote Job specialization is characterized by defined roles and responsibilities.

Question 33

What is the level of job specialization in an organic structure?

Answer 33

Low ## Footnote In organic structures, roles are more fluid and adaptable.

Question 34

How is departmentalization characterized in a mechanistic structure?

Answer 34

Rigid ## Footnote Departmentalization involves a strict division of labor and functions.

Question 35

How is departmentalization characterized in an organic structure?

Answer 35

Flexible ## Footnote Organic structures allow for more collaboration across departments.

Question 36

What type of management hierarchy is found in a mechanistic structure?

Answer 36

Tall ## Footnote A tall hierarchy has many levels of management, leading to a more bureaucratic system.

Question 37

What type of management hierarchy is found in an organic structure?

Answer 37

Flat ## Footnote A flat hierarchy has fewer levels of management, promoting quicker decision-making.

Question 38

What is the span of management in a mechanistic structure?

Answer 38

Narrow ## Footnote A narrow span of management limits the number of subordinates per manager.

Question 39

What is the span of management in an organic structure?

Answer 39

Wide ## Footnote A wide span of management allows managers to oversee more subordinates.

Question 40

Where is decision-making authority centralized in a mechanistic structure?

Answer 40

Centralized ## Footnote Centralized decision-making concentrates power at the top levels of management.

Question 41

Where is decision-making authority decentralized in an organic structure?

Answer 41

Decentralized ## Footnote Decentralized decision-making distributes power across various levels of the organization.

Question 42

What is the chain of command like in a mechanistic structure?

Answer 42

Long ## Footnote A long chain of command can slow down communication and decision-making.

Question 43

What is the chain of command like in an organic structure?

Answer 43

Short ## Footnote A short chain of command facilitates faster communication and flexibility.

Question 45

what are the pros and cons of the line structure

Answer 45

pros clear lines of comm fast decision making cons mid managers feel isolate mid managers lack resources

Question 46

What are the pros and cons of a line and staff structure?

Answer 46

pro line managers have specialized support cons creates conflicts between those who have staff, and those who dont

Question 47

What is the advantages of a matrix structure?

Answer 47

increased flexinility and collaboration employees have two supervisors

Question 48

what are the four different types of departmentalization

Answer 48

by function (employees doing the same thing), product (on the same product), location (in the same place), and customer (based on the customer car salesman verses corp. fleet salesman)