Chapter 8

Question 1

Cholecystitis

Answer 1

Inflammation of the gallbladder

chol/e (gall, bile), cyst (bladder), -itis (inflammation)

Question 2

Colectomy

Answer 2

Surgical incision on part of the colon

col (colon), -ectomy (surgical excision)

Question 3

Colonoscopy

Answer 3

Visual examination of the colon via a colonoscope

colon/o (colon), -scopy (visual examination, to view, examine)

Question 4

Colostomy

Answer 4

Literally means “the creation of a new opening into the colon,” preformed for the purpose of evacuating the bowel

col/o (colon), -stomy (new opening)

Question 5

Crohn disease

Answer 5

Chronic autoimmune disease that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract but most commonly occurs in the ileum

Question 6

Defecation

Answer 6

Evacuation of the bowel

defecat (to remove, dregs), -ion (process)

Question 7

Diarrhea

Answer 7

Frequent passage of unformed watery stools

dia- (through), -rrhea (flow)

Question 8

Diverticulitis

Answer 8

Inflammation of the diverticula (pouches in the walls of an organ) in the colon.

diverticul (diverticula), -itis (inflammation)

Question 9

Dysentery

Answer 9

An intestinal disease characterized by inflammation of the mucous membrane

dys- (difficult), enter (intestine), -y (pertaining to)

Question 10

Dyspepsia

Answer 10

Difficulty in digestion; indigestion

dys- (difficult), -pepsia (to digest, digestion)

Question 11

Dysphagia

Answer 11

Difficulty in swallowing

dys- (difficult), -phagia (to eat, to swallow)

Question 12

Eructation

Answer 12

Belching

eructat (a breaking out), -ion (process)

Question 13

Hematemesis

Answer 13

Vomiting of blood

hemat (blood), -emesis (vomiting)

Question 14

Hematochezia

Answer 14

Passage of stools that contain red blood

Question 15

Hepatitis

Answer 15

Inflammation of the liver

hepat (liver), -itis (inflammation)

Question 16

Hepatoma

Answer 16

Tumor of the liver

hepat (liver), -oma (tumor)

Question 17

Melena

Answer 17

Black, tarry feces (stool) that has a distinctive odor and contains digested blood. Usually results from bleeding in the upper GI tract and can be a sign of a peptic ulcer

Question 18

Postprandial (PP)

Answer 18

Pertaining to after a meal

post- (after), prand/i (meal), -al (pertaining to)

Question 19

Ulcerative colitis

Answer 19

Disease that causes inflammation and ulcers in the lining of the large intestine. The inflammation usually occurs in the rectum and lower part of the colon but can affect the entire colon; also called “colitis” or “proctitis”

Question 20

Volvulus

Answer 20

Twisting of the bowel on itself that causes an obstruction

volvul (to roll), -us (pertaining to)

Question 21

Cholecystectomy

Answer 21

Surgical excision of the gallbladder

chol/e (gall, bile), cyst (bladder), -ectomy (surgical excision)