Chapter 8: Applied Motivation

Question 1

Designed jobs give internal rewards

Answer 1

Job Characteristics Model

Question 2

The periodic shifting of an employee from one task to another

Answer 2

Job Rotation

Question 3

Increasing the degree to which the worker controls the planning, execution, and evaluation of the work

Answer 3

Job Enrichment

Question 4

Designing work so employees are motivated to promote the well-being of the organization’s beneficiaries

Answer 4

Relational Job Design

Question 5

Alternative Work Arrangements

Answer 5

• Flextime
• Job Sharing
• Telecommuting

Question 6

A participative process that uses the input of employees to increase their commitment to the organization’s success

Answer 6

Employee Involvement

Question 7

Two types of Employee Involvement

Answer 7

• Participative Management

- Representative Participation

Question 8

Subordinates share a significant degree of decision-making power with superiors

Answer 8

Participative Management

Question 9

Workers are represented by a small group of employees who participate in decisions affecting personnel

Answer 9

Representative Participation

Question 10

Consistent with participative management

Answer 10

Theory Y

Question 11

Consistent with the more autocratic style of managing

Answer 11

Theory X

Question 12

Employee involvement programs could provide intrinsic motivation by increasing opportunities for growth, responsibility, and involvement in the work itself

Answer 12

Two-factor theory

Question 13

Major strategic rewards decisions

Answer 13

-What to pay employees
-How to pay individual employees
-What benefits to offer
-How to construct employee
recognition programs

Question 14

The worth of the job to the organization

Answer 14

Internal Equity

Question 15

The external competitiveness of an organization’s pay relative to pay elsewhere in its industry

Answer 15

External Equity

Question 16

Base a portion of the pay on a given measure of performance

Answer 16

Variable-Pay Programs

Question 17

Seven types of Variable-Pay Programs

Answer 17

• Piece-rate pay plan
• Merit-based pay
• Bonuses
• Skill-based pay
• Profit-sharing plans
• Gainsharing
• Employee-stock ownership plan (ESOP)

Question 18

Workers are paid a fixed sum for each unit of production completed

Answer 18

Piece-Rate Pay

Question 19

Pay is based on individual performance appraisal ratings

Answer 19

Merit-Based Pay

Question 20

Rewards employees for recent performance

Answer 20

Bonuses

Question 21

Pay is based on skills acquired instead of job title or rank – doesn’t address the level of performance

Answer 21

Skill-Based Pay

Question 22

Organization-wide programs that distribute compensation based on an established formula designed around profitability

Answer 22

Profit-Sharing Plans

Question 23

Compensation based on sharing of gains from improved productivity

Answer 23

Gainsharing

Question 24

Plans in which employees acquire stock, often at below-market prices

Answer 24

Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs)

Question 25

Can be as simple as a spontaneous comment Can be formalized in a program Recognition is the most powerful workplace motivator – and the least expensive – but fairness is important

Answer 25

Employee recognition programs

Question 26

Job Characteristics Model

Answer 26

- Skill variety - Task identity - Task significance - Autonomy - Feedback

Question 27

Is the degree to which a job requires different activities using specialized skill and talents

Answer 27

Skill Variety

Question 28

Is the degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work

Answer 28

Task Identity

Question 29

Is the degree to which a job affects the lives or work of other people

Answer 29

Task Significance

Question 30

Is the degree to which a job provides the worker freedom, independence, and discretion in scheduling work and determining the procedures for carrying it out

Answer 30

Autonomy

Question 31

Is the degree to which carrying out work activities generates direct and clear information about your own performance

Answer 31

Feedback