Chapter 8 - Female Reproductive System

Question 1

What is sexual reproduction?

Answer 1

Union of ovum (female sex cell) and sperm (male sex cell)

Question 2

What are gonads?

Answer 2

Organs in both male and female that produce egg and sperm cells
Female: ovaries
Male: testes

Question 3

Where does ovum go to after it leaves the ovary?

Answer 3

Travels down one of the Fallopian tubes that leads to the uterus (womb)

Question 4

What is menarche?

Answer 4

The occurrence of the first cycle. Men’s trial cycle continues until menopause, when all eggs have been released, hormone production diminishes, and menstruation ends

Question 5

What is placenta?

Answer 5

Blood-vessel rich organ. Aka after birth

Question 6

What happens if fertilization doesn’t occur?

Answer 6

Hormone changes result in shedding of uterine lining, and bleeding, menstruation, occurs

Question 7

What are the hormones of the ovaries?

Answer 7

Estrogen. Progesterone. Okay role in process of menstruation and pregnancy, and development of secondary sex characteristics

Question 8

What is gynaecology?

Answer 8

Study of female reproductive system

Question 9

What is obstetrics?

Answer 9

Specialty concerned with pregnancy and delivery of fetus

Question 10

What is neonatology?

Answer 10

Study of care and treatment of newborn

Question 11

What is the vagina

Answer 11

Tubular structure, extends from uterus to exterior of body

Question 12

Where is the perineum?

Answer 12

Region between vaginas orifice and anus

Question 13

What are the external genitalia?

Answer 13

Vulva. Labia majora. Labia minora. Hymen

Question 14

What happens during ovulation?

Answer 14

An ovum matures; it’s follicles ruptures through the surface and releases ovum form ovary

Question 15

What are fimbriae?

Answer 15

Finger-like ends of Fallopian tubes. The catch egg after it’s release from ovary

Question 16

Why are cilia one the Fallopian tubes?

Answer 16

They sweep ovum along through their motion

Question 17

What is the upper portion of uterus?

Answer 17

Fund us

Question 18

What is the inner layer of uterus?

Answer 18

Endometrium

Question 19

What is the myometrium?

Answer 19

Middle, muscular layer of the uterine wall

Question 20

What is the narrow, lowermost portion of the uterus?

Answer 20

Cervix

Cervical opening leads into vagina, which opens to outside of body

Question 21

What is the breast mostly composed of, and where are they located?

Answer 21

Mammoth glands.

Located on upper anterior region of chest

Question 22

What is mammary papilla and areola?

Answer 22

Mammary papilla is the nipple. Areola is the dark pigmented area around nipple

Question 23

What is the placenta?

Answer 23

A vascular organs attached to uterine wall

Question 24

What is amnion?

Answer 24

Innermost of embryonic membranes, holds fetus suspended in an amniotic cavity surrounded by a fluid called the amniotic fluid

Question 25

Which way does a baby face in a normal delivery?

Answer 25

The head appears first

Question 26

Menopause signals gradual ending of menstrual cycles. When does premature and delayed menopause begin?

Answer 26

Premature: before age of 40 Delayed: after age of 55

Question 27

What is carcinoma of the cervix?

Answer 27

Malignant cells within the cervix (cervical cancer)

Question 28

What is dysplasia?

Answer 28

Abnormal cell growth

Question 29

What is endometriosis?

Answer 29

Endometrial tissue located outside uterus. Endometrial tissue may be found in ovaries, Fallopian tubes, supporting ligaments or small intestine, causing inflammation and scar tissue. When endometrium sheds and bleeds in its monthly cycle, it may cause dysmenorrhea and pelvic pain

Question 30

What are fibroids?

Answer 30

Benign tumour in uterus

Question 31

What is ovarian carcinoma?

Answer 31

Malignant tumour of the ovary

Question 32

What is pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?

Answer 32

Inflammation and infection of organs in pelvic regions; salpingitis, oophoritis, endometritis, and endocervicitis

Question 33

What is carcinoma of the breast?

Answer 33

Malignant tumour if the breast

Question 34

What is abruptio placentae?

Answer 34

Premature separation of normally implanted placenta

Question 35

What is ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 35

Implantation of fertilized egg in any site other than normal uterine location

Question 36

What is placenta previa?

Answer 36

Implantation of placenta over the cervix am opening or in lower region of uterus

Question 37

What is Down syndrome?

Answer 37

Chromosomal abnormality results in mental retardation, retarded growth, a flat face with a short nose, low-set ears, and slanted eyes

Question 38

What is a Pap test (Pap smear)?

Answer 38

Microscopic examination of stained cells removed from vagina and cervix

Question 39

What is a mammography?

Answer 39

X-ray imaging of breast

Question 40

What is aspiration?

Answer 40

Withdrawal of fluid from a cavity or sac with an instrument using suction

Question 41

What is colposcopy?

Answer 41

Visual examination of vagina and cervix using a colposcope

Question 42

What is dilation (dilatation) and curettage (D&C)?

Answer 42

Widening the cervix and scraping off the endometrial lining of uterus

Question 43

What is laparoscopy?

Answer 43

Visual examination of abdominal cavity using an endoscope

Question 44

What is amniocentesis?

Answer 44

Needle puncture of amniotic sac to withdraw amniotic fluid for analysis