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Science > Chapter 8 - The Circulatory System > Flashcards

Chapter 8 - The Circulatory System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of blood?

A
  • Transport: blood transports oxygen, hormones, food, waste material
  • Defence Against Disease: destroys harmful bacteria and viruses, blood clots to prevent harmful bacteria getting in
  • Constant body temperature: chemical reactions take place in our cells that produce heat energy. The blood carries the heat around the body
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2
Q

What is normal human body temperature?

A

37*C

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3
Q

What is blood made up of?

A
  • a liquid called plasma

- 3 types of blood cell (red, white, platelets)

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4
Q

Where are the blood cells made?

A

The bone marrow

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5
Q

What is the function of the blood plasma?

A

The function of the blood plasma is to transport substances and heat

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6
Q

What is the blood plasma made up of?

A
  • straw coloured liquid
  • water and dissolved substances
  • the blood cells float in the plasma
  • transport - digested food, waste e.g. Urea, hormones such as insulin
  • carries heat around body
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7
Q

What is the function of the red blood cells?

A

The function of the red blood cells is to transport oxygen

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8
Q

What are red blood cells made up of?

A
  • red pigment (haemoglobin) - inside the cell

- haemoglobin picks up oxygen

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9
Q

What is the function of the white blood cells?

A

The function of the white blood cells is to fight disease

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10
Q

How do the white blood cells fight disease?

A
  • produce antibodies to fight harmful bacteria

- ‘gobble up’ harmful bacteria and viruses

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11
Q

What is the function of the platelets?

A

The function of the platelets is to clot the blood

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12
Q

What are platelets?

A

Tiny fragments of larger cells

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13
Q

What is the function of the arteries?

A

Carry blood away from the heart

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14
Q

What is the function of the veins?

A

Carry blood to the heart

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15
Q

What is the function of the capillaries?

A

They are tiny blood vessels that link arteries to veins

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16
Q

What is the function of the heart?

A

Pump blood around the body

17
Q

Remember

A

Learn diagrams

18
Q

What is the structure of the artery?

A

Artery:

  • think wall
  • small lumen
  • blood carried under high pressure from lumen
  • no valves
  • carry blood away from the heart
  • oxygen rich blood
19
Q

What is the structure of the vein?

A
  • thin wall
  • large lumen
  • blood flow not under pressure
  • have valves to prevent backflow
  • carry blood away from the heart
  • oxygen poor blood
20
Q

What is the structure of the capillary?

A
  • very thin wall
  • tiny lumen
  • blood flow under low pressure
  • no valves
  • connect veins to arteries

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