Chapter 9 Flashcards by Bethany Koehle

term that describes a congenital defect characterized by incomplete closure of the spinal canal

spina bifida

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medical term that means inability to speak

aphasia

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term that describes an enlargement of the thyroid gland

goiter

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another term for stroke

cerebrovascular accident

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an eruption of vesicles following the course of a nerve caused by herpes zoster virus

shingles

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incision of the thyroid gland

thyrotomy

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surgical removal of a widened blood vessel that may cause hemorrhage

aneurysmectomy

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a small space between neurons

synapse

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excessive thirst

polydipsia

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enlargement of the extremities

acromegaly

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disorder characterized by cranial enlargement caused by accumulation of fluid within the ventricles of the brain

hydrocephalus

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-dipsia

thirst

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-paresis

partial paralysis

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-plegia

paralysis

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-trophy

development, nourishment

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chronic, organic mental disorder characterized by deterioration of the intellectual functioning, apathy, disorientation, and speech and gait disturbances.

Alzheimer disease

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disorder affecting the central nervous system and characterized by recurrent seizures

epilepsy

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abnormal protrusion of the eyeballs that may be due to thyrotoxicosis , tumor, or aneurysm

exophthalmos

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cranial enlargement caused by accumulation of fluid within the ventricles of the brain

hydrocephalus

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advanced hypothyroidism in adults, causing edema and increased blood pressure

myxedema

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partial or complete loss of motor function; paralysis

palsy

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severe pain in the leg along the course of a nerve that travels from the hip to the foot

sciatica

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inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord caused by a virus and commonly resulting in paralysis and spinal and muscle deformity

poliomyelitis

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disease characterized by polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia

diabetes mellitus

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excessive growth of body hair, especially in women

hirsutism

herniation of the meninges

meningocele

paralysis of four (limbs)

quadriplegia

-trophy

nourishment

-phasia

speech

-plegia

paralysis

-algia

pain

-phobia

fear

-desis

binding, fixation

-genesis

forming, producing; origin

endo-

within

para-

near, beside; beyond

inter-

between

ex-

out; out from

en-

in, within

hemi-

one half

quad-

four

aden/o , adrena/o

gland

adrenal/o

adrenal gland

gluc/o , glyc/o

sugar, sweetness

pancreat/o

pancreas

parathyroid/o

parathyroid glands

pituitar/o

pituitary gland

thym/o

thymus gland

thyr/o , thyroid/o

thyroid gland

acr/o

extremity

oophor/o , ovari/o

ovary

fibr/o

fiber, fibrous tissue

cephal/o

head

cerebr/o

cerebrum

encephala/o

brain

gli/o

glue, neurological tissue

mening/o , meningi/o

meninges (membranes covering the brain and spinal cord)

myel/o

bone marrow; spinal cord

neur/o

nerve

psych/o

mind

toxic/o

poison

crin/o

secrete

deterioration; change from a higher to a lower form, especially change of tissue to a lower or less functionally active form

degenerative

the science dealing with causes of disease

etiology

the ability to think; includes attention, memory, learning, reasoning, problem solving, and decision-making

cognition

ADH

antidiuretic hormone

growth hormone

TSH

thyroid-stimulating hormone

TIA

transient ischemic attack

CVA

cerebrovascular accident

diabetes mellitus

ac/hs

before meals/ at bedtime

EEG

electroencephalography

PNS

peripheral nervous system

CNS

central nervous system

CSF

cerebrospinal fluid

lumbar puncture

WNL

within normal limits

blood glucose

IDDM

insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

GTT

glucose tolerance test

FBG

fasting glucose test

HRT

hormone replacement therapy

home/o

same, alike

calc/o

calcium

crin/o

secrete

opthalm/o

eye

-genesis

formation; origin

excessive thirst

polydipsia

pertaining to poisonous activity of the thyroid

thyrotoxic

sugar in urine

glycosuria

blood with excessive or abnormal glucose

hyperglycemia

instrument to measure sugar

glucometer

excessive urination

polyuria

condition of deficient insulin

hypoinsulinism

secrete within

endocrine

tumor of a gland

adenoma

hypersecretion of growth hormone during adulthood

acromegaly

excessive growth of bones and tissues due to high level of GH

gigantism

hyposecretion of GH during childhood

dwarfism

insulin-dependent diabetes

Type 1

non-insulin-dependent diabetes

Type 2

brain | spinal cord

central nervous system (CNS)

cranial nerves | spinal nerves

peripheral nervous system (PNS)

cerebr/o

cerebrum

encephal/o

brain

gli/o

glue; neurological tissue

myel/o

spinal cord

sac contains only meninges and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

meningocele

sac contains meninges, CSF, and a portion of the spinal cord

meningomyelocele

Type 1 of Cerebrovascular Accident (stroke)

Ischemic stroke

Type 2 of Cerebrovascular Accident (stroke)

Hemorrhagic stroke

incision of the skull to gain access to the brain during neurological procedures

craniotomy

pertaining to the cerebrum and spine

cerebrospinal

incision of the cranium

craniotomy

crushing a nerve

neurotripsy

hernia of meninges and spinal cord

meningomyelocele

tumor of nerve, embryonic cell

neuroblastoma

Chapter 9 Flashcards

(118 cards)