T/F - Due to the anatomy of the abdomen, injury to its contents often presents with limited signs and
symptoms.
pg 216
True
Which abdominal organs is found in the left upper quadrant?
pg 217
Spleen
What abdominal organs is found in the right lower quadrant?
pg 217
Appendix
Which abdominal organ is found in all of the abdominal quadrants?
pg 217
small bowel.
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the digestive tract?
It is a 25-foot-long hollow tube.
It moves food via peristalsis.
It churns food.
It introduces digestive juices.
All of the above.
pg 218
All of the above.
In what order does digesting food pass through the digestive tract?
pg 218
Duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon
The movement of digesting material through the digestive system occurs through a process
called
pg 218
peristalsis
The largest solid organ of the abdomen is the
pg 218
Liver.
The delicate vascular organ that performs some immune functions is the
pg 220
spleen.
The solid organ that produces insulin, glucagon, and some digestive juices is the
pg 218
pancreas.
T/F - The urinary bladder may contain as little as 100 mL of fluid or as much as 2,000 mL of fluid.
pg 220
False
The genital structure that contains the developing fetus during gestation is the
pg 221
uterus.
The genital structure that releases an egg every 28 days is the
pg 221
ovary.
At what point does the uterus and developing fetus fill the abdominal cavity to the lower rib
margin?
pg 221
32 weeks
Pregnancy causes what change in the maternal blood volume?
pg 222
45%
The abdominal aorta divides into what arteries as it enters the pelvic cavity?
pg 222
Iliac arteries
The serous lining of the abdominal cavity is the
pg 223
peritoneum.
Which of the following is a retroperitoneal organ?
Duodenum
Kidneys
Spleen
Urinary bladder
All of the above
pg 223
All of the above
T/F - Bullets cause an abdominal wound mortality rate that is about equal to that caused by
slow-moving penetrating objects.
pg 224
False
What percentage of the time does a penetrating mechanism injure the liver?
pg 224
40 percent
What percentage of the time does a penetrating mechanism injure the large bowel?
pg 224
10%
What organ is most frequently damaged during blunt abdominal trauma?
pg 224
spleen.
Solid and hollow organs respond similarly to trauma
pg 224
False
Penetration of the abdominal wall resulting in protrusion of the abdominal contents is called
pg 224
evisceration.
The abdominal organs, with deep expiration, move as far up into the thorax as
pg 224
the nipple line.
The term describing frank blood in the stool is
pg 225
hematochezia.
The organ most likely to be injured by left-flank blunt trauma is the
pg 224
spleen.
The organ that is likely to be injured in severe deceleration as its ligament restrains, then
lacerates it, is the
pg 226
liver.
Blunt injury to the right-flank region is likely to cause which of the following?
pg 225
Kidney injury.
Penetrating injury to the central anterior abdomen is likely to cause which of the following?
pg 226
Bowel injury
Most abdominal vascular injuries are associated with penetrating trauma.
pg 226
True
Hemorrhage into the abdomen is of serious concern because it
pg 226
may trigger a vagal response, slowing the heart.
Blunt injury to the mesentery often occurs at
pg 226
the duodenal-jejunal juncture
&
the ileocecal juncture
How long does it take bacteria to grow in sufficient numbers to irritate the peritoneum?
pg 226
over 12 hours.
The number-one killer of pregnant females is
pg 227
Trauma.
Unrestrained pregnant occupants in vehicles are how many more times likely to suffer fetal
mortality in an auto collision than their belted counterparts?
pg 227
4x more likely
T/F - The late-term pregnant female is at increased risk for vomiting and aspiration.
pg 227
True
Supine positioning of the mother may cause hypotension due to
pg 227
compression of the inferior vena cava.
It may take a maternal blood loss of what percentage before the heart rate begins to increase in
the late-term pregnancy?
pg 227
30 to 35 percent
Due to the flexibility of the pediatric thorax, what injuries are more likely to occur with blunt trauma?
pg 228
Liver, Spleenic, and Kidney Injuries
Children may not show signs of blood loss until they have lost what percentage of their
volume?
pg 228
50 percent
What percentage of patients with abdominal injury do not present with any signs or
symptoms?
pg 229
30 percent
Hemorrhage into the abdomen may account for how much blood loss before it becomes
noticeable?
pg 230
1,500 mL
Prehospital administration of IV fluid should be limited to
pg 232
3,000 mL.
Care for the abdominal evisceration includes use of which of the following?
pg 233
A sterile dressing moistened with normal saline
At what blood pressure would you consider applying the PASG in the presence of an
abdominal evisceration?
pg 234
50 mmHg
Which position is indicated for the late-pregnancy patient?
pg 234
Left lateral recumbent
Unless the blood pressure is less than 50 mmHg, use of the PASG is contraindicated in
pg 234
abdominal evisceration patients.
T/F - Aggressive fluid resuscitation may aggravate the relative anemia associated with late-term
pregnancy.
pg 234
True
T/F - Tilting the spine board 15 degrees for the immobilized, late-term mother may be beneficial.
pg 234
True