chapter 9: inflammation and inflammatory response and fever Flashcards
what causes inflammation?
vascularized (excess of bv’s) tissue to injury
what is the function of inflammation?
LOCALIZE and REMOVE injurious agent; innate + automatic response
what does inflammation do?
- NEUTRALIZES harmful agents
- REMOVES damaged + dead tissue
- GENERATES new tissue
- PROMOTES healing
what are s/s of acute inflammation?
swelling (tumor)
redness (rubor)
pain (dolor)
heat/warmth (calor)
loss of function (functio laesa)
what is the vascular stage of inflammation?
vasodilation:
- INCREASES BLOOD FLOW to injured area
- mediators: HISTAMINE + NITRIC OXIDE
- redness + warmth
capillaries (more permeable)
- exudates escape into tissue
- mediators: histamine, bradykinin, leukotrienes
- swelling, pain, impaired function
what is the cellular stage of inflammation?
wbc enter injured tissue
chemostaxis:
- destroy infective organisms
- remove damaged cells
- release more inflammatory mediators for controlling inflammation + healing
what are the plasma-derived mediators of inflammation?
by liver:
- kinins
- coagulation factors
- complement system
what are the functions of the plasma-derived mediators?
- kinin: increase capillary permeability + pain
- coagulation factors: clotting + dissolve clot
- complement system: activates immune response, stimulates histamine release from mast cells, increase vascular permeability
what are the cell-derived mediators of inflammation?
- histamine (mast cells)
- cytokines
- prostaglandins
- serotonin
what are the functions of the cell-derived mediators?
vasodilation and permeability
what are the different kinds of exudates?
- serous
- fibrinous
- purulent
- bloody/hemorrhagic
- membranous, pseudomembranous
what does serous mean?
mostly water
what does fibrinous mean?
thick, sticky a lot of fibrin + cell content
what does purulent mean?
thick. yellow-green (infection - pus)
what does bloody/hemorrhagic mean?
bv’s damaged
