Chapter DP Vocab

Question 1

process of determining which disease or condition explains a person’s symptoms and signs

Answer 1

medical diagnosis(Dx)

Question 2

Method Dx based on finding many candidate diseases or conditions as possible that can causes the signs or symptoms

Answer 2

Differential Diagnosis

Question 3

patient’s past and present relevant medical information

Answer 3

medical history/anamnesis

Question 4

HEENT exam

Answer 4

Head, Eye, Ear, Nose and throat exam

Question 5

stethoscope part that amplifies high pitched sounds

Answer 5

diaphragm

Question 6

stethoscope part that transmits low pitched sounds, like heart murmurs

Answer 6

bell

Question 7

if the small air sacs in the lungs fill with fluid and there is any movement in the sacs

Answer 7

crackles/rales

Question 8

bronchial tubes become inflamed and narrowed(heard mostly in exhalation)

Answer 8

wheeze

Question 9

air tries to pass through bronchial tubes that contain fluid or mucus(sounds underwater)

Answer 9

rhonchi

Question 10

upper airway narrows

Answer 10

stridor

Question 11

a test involving a sample of blood, urine, or body tissues

Answer 11

lab tests

Question 12

common test that determines the general health status

Answer 12

complete blood count

Question 13

tests that provides overall information of multiple systems

Answer 13

comprehensive metabolic systems

Question 14

electrolyte that is vital to normal body processes, including nerve and muscle function

Answer 14

sodium

Question 15

electrolyte vital to cell metabolism and muscle function

Answer 15

potassium

Question 16

electrolyte to help maintain the body’s acid base balance

Answer 16

carbon dioxide

Question 17

electrolyte that helps to regulate the amount of fluid in the body and maintain the acid base balance

Answer 17

chloride

Question 18

energy source for the body

Answer 18

serum glucose

Question 19

essential for the proper functioning of muscles, nerves and the heart and is required in blood clotting and in the formation of the bones

Answer 19

calcium

Question 20

waste product filtered out of the blood by the kidneys

Answer 20

blood urea nitrogen

Question 21

waste product produced in the muscles, filtered out of the blood by the kidneys

Answer 21

creatinine

Question 22

protein from the liver that helps maintain fluid balance

Answer 22

serum albumin

Question 23

product from the normal catabolism of red blood cells

Answer 23

bilirubin

Question 24

present in all tissues throughout the entire body, but concentrated in the liver, kidney, bone, intestine and placenta

Answer 24

alkaline phosphatase

Question 25

enzymes found in the liver, heart, skeletal muscle, kidneys, brain, and RBCs

Answer 25

aspartate amino transferase and alanine amino transferase

Question 26

test that measures fat and fatty substances used as a source of energy in the body

Answer 26

lidid panel

Question 27

test that measures how much glucose is bound to hemoglobin

Answer 27

Hemoglobin A1c

Question 28

test measures how well the cells absorb glucose

Answer 28

glucose tolerance test

Question 29

lab test to evaluate coagulation disorders, detects bleeding disorders, monitor blood thinning medication

Answer 29

prothrombin time and Partial Thromboplastin Time

Question 30

test for diagnosis and infections of blood, urine, sputum, cerebrospinal fluid, stool

Answer 30

cultures

Question 31

high frequency sound waves to create an image

Answer 31

ultrasound

Question 32

using electromagnetic waves creates a picture of the inside of the body

Answer 32

x-rays

Question 33

cross sectional images of the body using x-rays and a computer

Answer 33

Computed axial tomography scan

Question 34

magnetic field and radio waves to create a detailed cross sectional image of the body

Answer 34

Magnetic resonance imaging

Question 35

using a radioactive substance, it creates an image using positron emission tomography based on the absorption of the substance by certain organs and tissues(function not anatomy)

Answer 35

Positron Emission tomography

Question 36

measure of bone density using a small dose of ionizing radiation, commonly used to diagnose osteoporosis

Answer 36

Bone Densitometry/Dual energy x ray absorption

Question 37

commonly used to detect RNA and the presence of virus or bacteria

Answer 37

Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction

Question 38

detects and measures antibodies or the presence of specific proteins

Answer 38

Enzyme- Linked immunosorbent assay

Question 39

commonly used to detect protein and the presence of virus or bacteria

Answer 39

Western Blot

Question 40

battery of tests to measure how well the lungs are functioning(lung size, air flow, volume, exchange of gas)

Answer 40

pulmonary function test

Question 41

measures heart rhythm, diagnoses poor blood flow to the heart

Answer 41

Electrocardiogram

Question 42

measures how well the heart works during exercise

Answer 42

stress test