Chapter Four Flashcards
(10 cards)
What are the overall percentage of the major elements of life?
They are C, H, O, N, S and P
How many balance electrons has carbon?
Carbon has six electrons, which chew in the first electron shell and four in the second shell; does, it has four balance electrons in shell that can hold up to eight electrons
What are the four ways that carbon skeletons can vary?
They are in length (as in Ethane and propane), branching (as butane and isobutane), double bond position (as 1-butene and 2-butene) and presence of rings as in cyclohexane and benzene)
How many degrees is the bond angle in methane CH4?
It is 109.5°
What are hydrocarbons?
They are organic molecules consisting of only carbon and hydrogen; atoms have hydrogen attached to the carbon skeleton whatever electrons are available for covalent bonding
What are isomers?
They are compounds that have the same numbers of atoms of the same elements with different structure and hence different properties
What does structural isomers?
They are isomers that differ in the covalent arrangement of the carbons
What are cis-trans isomers?
They are isomers that differ in their special arrangement due to the inflexibility of double bonds
What are enantiomers?
They are isomers that are mirror images of each other and that differ in shape due to the present of an asymmetric carbon, one that is attached to four different atoms or group of atoms
What is ATP?
It is called adenosine triphosphate and it is the main source of energy for self; it reacts with water to give energy: P-P-P-Adenosine + H2O –> P-P-Adenosine + Pi + Energy
