Chapter One Test

Question 1

When collecting data and doing experiments, what system of measurement do most scientists use?

Answer 1

Most scientists use the metric system.

Question 2

What is the metric system?

Answer 2

The metric system is a decimal system of measurement based on multiples of ten.

Question 3

1000 m = ____ km

Answer 3

1000 m = 1 km

Question 4

1 L = ____ mL

Answer 4

1 L = 1000 mL

Question 5

1 g = ____ mg

Answer 5

1 g = 1000 mg

Question 6

1000 kg = ____ T

Answer 6

1000 kg = 1 T

Question 7

When scientists collect data, what are they often trying to find out?

Answer 7

They are trying to find out if certain factors changed or stayed the same.

Question 8

What does a graph of data make easier to recognise and understand than a table of data?

Answer 8

A graph can make a pattern easier to recognise and understand.

Question 9

What are microscopes?

Answer 9

Devices that make magnified images of things that are too small to see.

Question 10

What do compound light microscopes do?

Answer 10

They allow light to pass through the specimen and use two lenses to form an image.

Question 11

What are the two main types of electron microscopes?

Answer 11

Transmission Electron Microscopes and Scanning Electron Microscopes.

Question 12

Which techniques do scientists use to study cells?

Answer 12

Cell culture and cell fractionation.

Question 13

What is one characteristic of living things?

Answer 13

Answer may be: Living things...
Are made up of cells.
Reproduce.
Are based on a universal genetic code.
Grow and develop.
Obtain and use materials and energy.
Respond to their environment.
Maintain a stable internal environment.
Change over time.

Question 14

What is the study of living things?

Answer 14

Biology.

Question 15

What are the smallest units of an organism that are considered alive?

Answer 15

Cells.

Question 16

What are two types of asexual reproduction?

Answer 16

A cell breaks in half and makes two new organisms, or a portion of an organism comes off and forms a new organism.

Question 17

What is the combination of reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials?

Answer 17

Metabolism.

Question 18

What does science study?

Answer 18

The natural world.

Question 19

What is quantitative data?

Answer 19

Numbers or quantities

Question 20

What is qualitative data?

Answer 20

Qualities, anything you can observe.

Question 21

What is data?

Answer 21

Information gathered from observation.

Question 22

What is a controlled variable?

Answer 22

A variable in an experiment that does not change.

Question 23

When a hypothesis becomes well-supported, what does it turn into?

Answer 23

A theory

Question 24

What is spontaneous generation?

Answer 24

The idea that life can arise from nonliving matter.

Question 25

Who tested spontaneous generation?

Answer 25

Redi

Question 26

What was the manipulated variable in Redi's experiment?

Answer 26

The gauze spread over the jars.

Question 27

What is an organised way of using evidence to learn about the natural world?

Answer 27

Science.

Question 28

What is the process of gathering about events of processes in a careful, orderly way?

Answer 28

Observation.

Question 29

What is the information gathered from observation?

Answer 29

Data.

Question 30

What is a logical interpretation based on prior knowledge?

Answer 30

An inference.

Question 31

What is a proposed scientific explanation for a set of observations?

Answer 31

A hypothesis.

Question 32

What is the difference between a hypothesis and an inference?

Answer 32

A hypothesis is something that needs to be tested, while an inference is an interpretation based on prior knowledge.

Question 33

Why do scientists need a common system of measurement?

Answer 33

They need to replicate each other's experiments.