chapter review 11-15

Question 1

Should objects be lifted by using muscles in the _______ or the back?

Answer 1

legs

Using leg muscles reduces the risk of injury.

Question 2

What is the benefit of using a draw sheet or other assist device when repositioning?

Answer 2

It makes it easier to move them

Assist devices reduce strain on caregivers.

Question 3

For a resident with one weak side and one strong side, which side should move first?

Answer 3

The strong side should move first and the weaker side follows

Question 4

What must a resident be able to do in order to use the toilet?

Answer 4

must be able to bear some weight on their legs

Question 5

Which of the following is a description of the supine position?

Answer 5

(D) Resident is lying flat on his back

Question 6

Which of the following is a description of the lateral position?

Answer 6

(B) Resident is lying on either side

Question 7

Which of the following is a description of the Fowler’s position?

Answer 7

(A) Resident is in a semisitting position (45 to 60 degrees) with his head and shoulders elevated

Question 8

Which of the following is a safety device used to help transfer residents who are weak, unsteady, or uncoordinated?

Answer 8

(B) Transfer belt

Question 9

Where should a nursing assistant place a transfer belt before helping a resident to ambulate?

Answer 9

(C) Around the resident’s waist, over his clothing

Question 10

List three ways NAs can help promote residents’ dignity when performing personal care.

Answer 10

• allows them enough time to complete something without rushing
• assist with dressing as needed, allow them to have independence
• keep them covered whenever possible when dressing and bathing

Question 11

Which serious skin wound can NAs help prevent by observing residents’ skin closely?

Answer 11

lumps, rashes, bruises, blisters, cuts, sores, pressure injuries

Question 12

In general, what should the water temperature be for bathing residents?

Answer 12

105 degrees

Question 13

How often should the perineal area be bathed?

Answer 13

everyday

Question 14

What are two benefits of back rubs?

Answer 14

• Help relax tired, tense muscles
• help improve circulation

Question 15

What is the best way to prevent aspiration when performing mouth care on residents who are unconscious?

Answer 15

Using as little liquid as possible, turning them on their sides before beginning mouth care

Question 16

When dressing and undressing residents, how should NAs refer to the weaker side?

Answer 16

the affected side

Question 17

Which of the following should be washed before the axillae (underarms)?

Answer 17

(B) Face

Question 18

When bathing a resident, which body part should be washed first?

Answer 18

(B) Face

Question 19

At a minimum, how often should mouth care be performed?

Answer 19

(B) Two times a day

Question 20

How should dentures be stored after they are cleaned if the resident does not want to wear them?

Answer 20

(A) Dentures should be stored in a denture cup filled with icy water

Question 21

When dressing a resident, on which side should an NA start?

Answer 21

(B) On the resident’s unaffected side

Question 22

What are the four vital signs that are regularly monitored?

Answer 22

• Pulse rate
• temp
• blood pressure
• respirations

Question 23

If a resident has recently eaten or had something to drink, how long must an NA wait before she can measure his oral temperature?

Answer 23

10 - 20 mins

Question 24

What is the most common site for taking the pulse?

Answer 24

radial

Question 25

Why is the respiratory rate usually counted directly after taking the pulse?

Answer 25

So they don't notice and their rate changes

Question 26

Why must a blood pressure cuff be the proper size and put on the arm correctly?

Answer 26

So the reading is right

Question 27

What pulse point is commonly used to measure blood pressure?

Answer 27

Brachial

Question 28

What are five ways an NA can help reduce a resident’s pain?

Answer 28

* offer warm baths or showers * assist the resident to the bathroom * encourage slow and deep breathing * give back rubs * assist with changing positions

Question 29

Which body site is generally considered to be the most accurate for obtaining temperatures?

Answer 29

(B) The rectum

Question 30

What color is a rectal thermometer?

Answer 30

(C) Red

Question 31

What is the normal pulse rate for adults?

Answer 31

(B) 60 to 100 beats per minute

Question 32

Which of the following falls within the normal respiration rate for adults?

Answer 32

(A) 14 breaths per minute

Question 33

Which blood pressure measurement reflects the phase when the heart relaxes?

Answer 33

(D) Diastolic

Question 34

When a resident complains of pain, what would be the best response by the NA?

Answer 34

(B) The NA should ask questions to find out more information about the pain

Question 35

List five common nutritional problems that elderly people may experience.

Answer 35

* produce less saliva, this then becomes a swallowing problem * medications * a decrease in physical activity and mobility can cause constipation * the inability to see well can affect the way we see food * depression and lack of social interactions can decrease appetite

Question 36

According to MyPlate’s suggestions, what should half of a person’s plate be made up of?

Answer 36

Veggies and fruits should make up half your plate

Question 37

List the information contained on diet cards.

Answer 37

* residents name * information about special diets * allergies * likes and dislikes * other dietary instruction

Question 38

What is the difference between a clear liquid diet and a full liquid diet?

Answer 38

A clear liquid diet consists of fluids a person can see through while a full liquid diet includes all of the liquids with a clear liquid and cream soups, milk, and ice cream

Question 39

What is the benefit of thickening liquids?

Answer 39

helps with swallowing

Question 40

What is the proper position in which to place a resident for eating?

Answer 40

upright, at 90-degrees

Question 41

If a resident refuses to wear a clothing protector, what should the NA do?

Answer 41

They have the right to wear it or not

Question 42

To which side of the mouth should food be directed if a resident has a weaker side?

Answer 42

the food should be on the unaffected side

Question 43

When assisting a resident who is visually impaired, how should the NA describe the position of food and objects in front of the resident?

Answer 43

with the clock method

Question 44

List four examples of output.

Answer 44

* urine * feces * vomit * perspiration and moisture in the air

Question 45

How many milliliters (mL) equal one ounce (oz)?

Answer 45

30

Question 46

Which of the following is the most essential nutrient for life?

Answer 46

(A) Water

Question 47

Which of the following abbreviations means that a resident should not have anything to eat or drink?

Answer 47

(C) NPO

Question 48

Which of the following puts a resident at an increased risk of unintended weight loss?

Answer 48

(B) The resident has difficulty swallowing

Question 49

One way for an NA to help prevent aspiration is to

Answer 49

(C) Make sure the resident is sitting upright for eating and drinking

Question 50

What are four functions of the gastrointestinal system?

Answer 50

* Ingestion * Digestion * Absorption * Elimination

Question 51

List five normal age-related changes of the gastrointestinal system.

Answer 51

* Ability to taste decreases * process of digestion takes longer and is less efficient * Body waste moves more slowly through the intestines, causing more frequent constipation * absorption of vitamins and minerals decrease

Question 52

List three normal qualities of stool.

Answer 52

* brown in color * soft * formed (not loose)

Question 53

When is a fracture pan, rather than a standard bedpan, used for elimination?

Answer 53

A fracture pan is used for small or thin people who cannot lift their buttocks onto a standard bedpan

Question 54

List three possible treatments for constipation.

Answer 54

* increasing fiber intake and fluids * physical activity * medications

Question 55

What action should be avoided when providing perineal care for a resident who has hemorrhoids?

Answer 55

be very gentle, scented soaps should not be used

Question 56

What position must the resident be in for an enema?

Answer 56

the sims position

Question 57

How do colostomies and ileostomies differ?

Answer 57

Colostomies are a surgically created opening into the large intestine; ileostomies are into the end of the small intestine