Chapter Six: Exam One

Question 1

Taylor’s mom covers his teddy bear with a blanket, and Taylor reaches out to pull the blanket off to reveal the bear. According to Piaget, Taylor is exhibiting:

Answer 1

object permanence

Question 2

Madilyn pulled the chair to the counter in order to reach the cookie jar. This “little scientist” behavior is most likely to occur in Piaget’s:

Answer 2

stage 5

Question 3

An infant’s first vocal communication is:

Answer 3

cooing

Question 4

Henry is 16 months old. He points at the refrigerator and says, “Juice?” What form of speech is he using?

Answer 4

holophrases

Question 5

What kind of reactions are occurring in sensorimotor intelligence stages one and two? Describe

Answer 5

Primary circular reactions: infant’s responses to his or her own body

Question 6

What are circular reactions?

Answer 6

interaction of sensation, perception, and cognition

Question 7

Sensorimotor intelligence stages one and two are stages involving…

Answer 7

the infant’s own body

Question 8

Stage one of sensorimotor intelligence is at what age? what is it the stage of?

Answer 8

birth to one month

stage of reflexes

Question 9

Stage two of sensorimotor intelligence is at what age? what happens?

Answer 9

1-4 months

first acquired adaptations or habits

Question 10

What kind of reactions are occurring in sensorimotor intelligence stages 3 and 4? describe. What begins to function in these stages?

Answer 10

Secondary circular reactions: infants response to objects and people
Mirror neurons begin to function

Question 11

Stage 3 of sensorimotor intelligence occurs at what age? What happens?

Answer 11

4 to 8 months;

attempts to make interesting things last

Question 12

Stage 4 of sensorimotor intelligence is at what age? What happens?

Answer 12

6 to 12 months;

new adaptation and anticipation

Question 13

What type of behavior and what realization happens in sensorimotor intelligence?

Answer 13

goal-direct behavior and object permanence

Question 14

What is goal-direct behavior?

Answer 14

purposeful actions that benefit from new motor skills resulting from brain maturation

Question 15

What is object permanence? What age is this realization acquired?

Answer 15

the realization that objects or people continue to exist when they are no longer in sight
acquired at about 8 months

Question 16

What type of reaction occurs in sensorimotor intelligence stages 5 and 6? describe

Answer 16

tertiary circular reactions first with action, then with ideas

Question 17

Sensorimotor intelligence stages 5 and 6 involves…

Answer 17

involves active exploration and experimentation; exploration of a range of new activities and variations in responses as a way of learning

Question 18

Visual cliff shows the importance of…

Answer 18

emotion and nonverbal communication

Question 19

What is babbling/what doe it involve? What age does it begin? It is _____-expectant

Answer 19

involves repetition of certain syllables, such as ba-ba-ba, which begins when babies are between 6 and 9 months old
experience-expectant

Question 20

Babbling begins to sound like its native language at around what age?

Answer 20

12 months old

Question 21

What begins before babbling and is an aspect of language development? What occurs before this?

Answer 21

Gesturing; cooing

Question 22

All infants ____

Answer 22

gesture

Question 23

Concepts with gesture are expressed _____ than speech

Answer 23

sooner

Question 24

Pointing emerges in human babies around what age?

Answer 24

10 months

Question 25

At what age do infants speak a few words?

Answer 25

1 year

Question 26

At what age do infants understand 10 times more words than produced?

Answer 26

6-15 months

Question 27

At what age do infants begin to use holophrases?

Answer 27

12 months

Question 28

What are holophrases?

Answer 28

recognizing vocalization from universal to language-specific

Question 29

Describe what happens when there is a naming explosion? age/amount of words range

Answer 29

Once spoken vocabulary reaches about 50 words it builds quickly, at a rate of 50 to 100 words per month 21-month-olds say twice as many words as 18-month-olds

Question 30

Age: 0-1 month Sensorimotor Stage: . Language Sequence:

Answer 30

Sensorimotor Stage: reflexes | Language Sequence: reflexive cries

Question 31

Age: 1-4 months Sensorimotor Stage: Language Sequence:

Answer 31

Sensorimotor Stage: 1st acquired adaptations | Language Sequence: cooing in response to voices and faces; meaningful gestures

Question 32

Age: 4-8 months Sensorimotor Stage: Language Sequence:

Answer 32

Sensorimotor Stage: making interesting sights last | Language Sequence: babbling, especially to people; games that involve turn-taking

Question 33

Age: 8-12 months Sensorimotor Stage: Language Sequence:

Answer 33

Sensorimotor Stage: new adaptation and anticipation | Language Sequence: respond to "no", "hot", etc; imitation of others' intonation, intent listening

Question 34

Age: 12-18 months Sensorimotor Stage: Language Sequence:

Answer 34

Sensorimotor Stage: new means through active experimentation Language Sequence: 1st words (including many words for actions and movable objects); holophrases, especially questions and commands

Question 35

Age: 18-24 months Sensorimotor Stage: Language Sequence:

Answer 35

Sensorimotor Stage: new means through mental combinations | Language Sequence: underextensions; overextensions; start of two-word sentences

Question 36

Sensorimotor intelligence stage 5 is at what age? what happens?

Answer 36

12-18 months; new means through active exploration | "little scientists"

Question 37

Sensorimotor intelligence stage 6 is at what age? what happens?

Answer 37

18-24 months; mental combinations; intellectual experimentation via imagination

Question 38

Sensorimotor intelligence in Piaget’s term for the way infants...

Answer 38

The way infants thinks by using their senses and motor skills during the first period of cognitive development

Question 39

Infants are _____ learners

Answer 39

Active