chem Flashcards
(42 cards)
What is a condensation reaction?
Building complex molecules from smaller building blocks by removing water molecules.
It is the opposite of hydrolysis.
What is the molecular formula of glucose?
C6H12O6
What is glucose classified as?
A carbohydrate and the most common monosaccharide.
What are the two structural forms of glucose?
Alpha and beta forms.
What is an isomer?
Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural forms.
What type of glucose is starch made of?
Alpha glucose.
What type of glucose is cellulose made of?
Beta glucose.
What are the three main types of carbohydrates?
- Monosaccharide
- Disaccharide
- Polysaccharide
What defines a monosaccharide?
Single sugar monomer, all are reducing sugars.
What is a disaccharide?
Sugar formed from 2 monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic bond in a condensation reaction.
What is a polysaccharide?
Many monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic bond in a condensation reaction.
What is the function of glycogen?
Main energy storage in animals.
what is the function of monosaccharides
provides energy for respiration, building blocks of polymers
function of disaccharides
- sugar in germinating seeds
- sugar in mammals milk
function of polysaccharides
- erergy storage
- cell wall structure
how are polysaccharides formed
when 2 + monosaccharides are joined by condensation reactions
how do animals store glucose
as glycogen
What is the main energy storage material in plants?
Starch.
how do plants store excess glucose
as starch
whats amylose
long, unbraided chain of alpha glucose. coiled structure. can fit into small spaces
What is fiber’s role in the body?
Maintaining digestive health. helping to promote growth of good gut bacteria
What are reducing sugars?
Sugars that can donate electrons.
What are non-reducing sugars?
Sugars that cannot donate electrons.
What type of bond forms between monosaccharides in carbohydrates?
Glycosidic bond.
