Chemcial Energetics And Redox

Question 1

Physical Reactions

Answer 1

Easy To Reverse Or Separate Mixture Formed.
Remains Chemically Same

Question 2

Chemical Reactions

Answer 2

New Chemical Products Are Formed.
Many are Diffcult To Reverse
They can be Endo Or Exo

Question 3

Equilibrium

Answer 3

The rate of forward reaction is equal to rate of backward reaction while concentrations of products and reactants remain constant.

Question 4

Making and Breaking Bonds. Which is Exo and Endo ?

Answer 4

Making is Exo
Breaking is Endo

Question 5

Factors Affecting Position Of Equilibrium in a closed system.

Answer 5

Pressure : Increase Favours side with least gaseous moles and decrase favours side with most gaseous moles.

Temperature: Increase favours Endothermic Side, Decrease favours Exothermic Side.

Concentration : Increase in products concentration increases Reactant production and vice-versa.

Question 6

Catalyst

Answer 6

A susbtance which sppeds up rate of reaction by providing an alternate reaction pathway with lower activation energy and doesnt get used up as reaction progresses.

Question 7

Rate of Reaction Factors

Answer 7

More Pressure increases rate of reaction as number collision per unit volume increase, the number of successful collisions increase.

More Temperature Means higher rate of reaction.

More surface area means faster rate of reaction.

Catalyst increases rate of reaction by lowering activation energy.

Question 8

Haber Process

Answer 8

N2(g)+3H2(g)↽−−⇀2NH3(g)
Hydrogen in the process is collected from methane.
Nitrogen is collected from air.
Conditions:
200 atm / 20000 kPa
450 Degrees Celsius
Finely Powered Iron (Catalyst)

Question 9

Contact Process

Answer 9

1. S(g) + O2 → SO2(g)
2. 2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ SO3 (g)
3. Sulfur Trioxide is reacted with sulfuric acid to produce oleum. (h2s2o7)
4. Oleum is reacted with water to produce 98% Sulfuric Acid.

Conditions:
2 atm / 200 kPa
450 Degree Celsius
Vanadium (V) Oxide.

Question 10

ENthalpy CHange Formula

Answer 10

Reactants Minus Products.

Question 11

Redox Reaction

Answer 11

Reactions involving simultaneous oxidation and reduction reactions.

Question 12

Reducing Agent

Answer 12

A susbtance that reduces another substance during redox reaction and is itself oxidised during the reaction.

Question 13

Oxidisng Agent

Answer 13

A susbtance that oxidises another substance during redox reaction and is itself reduced during the reaction.

Question 14

Displacement Reaction

Answer 14

A reaction in which a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from a solution of salt.