Chemical bonds Inorgchem lecture

Question 1

Consist of a single nucleus with a positive charge surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons

Answer 1

Atom

Question 2

Total energy of the system is lowered, atoms bond together to form

Answer 2

Molecule

Question 3

Consist of an aggregation of atoms held together by valence forces

Answer 3

Molecule

Question 4

Group of 2 or more atoms that form the smallest identifiable unit

Answer 4

Molecule

Question 5

Contain 2 atoms that are chemically bonded

Answer 5

Diatomic molecules

Question 6

2 identical atoms that are chemically bonded
Ex: O2

Answer 6

Homonuclear

Question 7

2 different atoms chemically bonded together
Ex: CO

Answer 7

Heteronuclear

Question 8

Molecules containing more than 2 atoms
CO2

Answer 8

Polyatomic molecules

Question 9

A distinct substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements in definite proportion by weight

Answer 9

Chemical compound

Question 10

Represents the number of atoms

Answer 10

Subscripts

Question 11

Identical atoms bonding together with identical proportions and differ only in arrangements
Ex: CH3CH2OH
(CH3OCH3)

Answer 11

Isomers

Question 12

Assemblies of atoms that have a net electrical charge

Answer 12

Ions

Question 13

Ions that contain FEWER electrons than protons, have a net positive charge

Answer 13

Cations

Question 14

Ions that contain MORE electrons than protons have a net negative charge

Answer 14

Anions

Question 15

Contains both cations and anions in a ratio that results in no net electrical charge

Answer 15

Ionic compounds

Question 16

Electrons are shared between bonded atoms and are simultaneously attracted to more than one nucleus

Answer 16

Covalent compounds

Question 17

Contain cations and anions rather than discrete neutral molecules

Answer 17

Ionic compounds

Question 18

Held together by attractive electrostatic interactions between cations and anions

Answer 18

Ionic compounds

Question 19

Conatins both cations and anions that results in zero electrical charge

Answer 19

Ionic compound

Question 20

The particles repel each other

Answer 20

Positive electrostatic energy

Question 21

Particles are attracted to each other

Answer 21

Negative electrostatic energy

Question 22

Name of the element followed by the word ion

Answer 22

Monoatomic cation

Question 23

Ions positive charge is indicated by a roman numeral in parenthesis followed by the word ion

Answer 23

Stock system

Question 24

Iron (II) ion
Iron (III) ion

Answer 24

Stock system

Question 25

Uses 2 suffixes (-ic and -ous) that are appended to the stem of the element name

Answer 25

Common syatem

Question 26

Ferrous ion Ferric ion

Answer 26

Common system

Question 27

Represents the greater of the 2 cation charges

Answer 27

-ic suffix

Question 28

Represents the lower one

Answer 28

-ous suffix

Question 29

Forms when the bonded atoms have lower total energy that that of widely separated atoms

Answer 29

Covalent bonds

Question 30

3 types of covalent bonds

Answer 30

1- single 2- double 3- tripple bonds

Question 31

Share 2 electrons

Answer 31

Single bond

Question 32

Share 4 electrons

Answer 32

Double bonds

Question 33

Share 6 electrons

Answer 33

Tripple bonds

Question 34

Are formed when the atoms adopt specific positions relative to one another so as to maximize the bond strength

Answer 34

Bonds

Question 35

Held together by shared electron pairs

Answer 35

Molecules

Question 36

Has definite, fairly rigid structure or spatial distribution of its atoms

Answer 36

Molecules

Question 37

A very simplified representation of the valence shell electrons in a molecule

Answer 37

Lewis Structure

Question 38

Used to show how the electrons are arranged around insividual atoms in a molecule

Answer 38

Lewis Structure

Question 39

Also known as Lewis dot diagrams

Answer 39

Lewis Structure

Question 40

Atoms tend to bond in such a way that they have 8 electrons in their valence shell

Answer 40

Octet Rule

Question 41

Substances that react during chemical reaction

Answer 41

Reactants

Question 42

Substances formed during chemical reaction

Answer 42

Products

Question 43

Two or more compounds combine to form one compound

Answer 43

Combination reaction

Question 44

A complex molecule breaks down to make simpler ones

Answer 44

Decomposition reaction

Question 45

Oxygen combines with a compound to form carbon dioxide and water, exothermic reactions, gives off heat

Answer 45

Combustion reaction

Question 46

An acid and base react with each other, product is salt and water

Answer 46

Neutralization reaction

Question 47

One element takes place with another element in the compound

Answer 47

Displacement reaction

Question 48

Double displacement Exchange Metathesis reaction

Answer 48

Double replacement reaction

Question 49

Two aqueous ionic compounds form a new ionic compound that is not soluble in water

Answer 49

Precipitation reaction

Question 50

Involves a transfer of electrons between two species

Answer 50

Oxidation-reduction Redox

Question 51

A reaction that forms a complex

Answer 51

Complexation reaction

Question 52

Concerned with valence which determines how atoms combine in definite ratios and how this is related to the bond directions and bond lengths

Answer 52

Structural chemistry