Exercise No8 Botany Lab

Question 1

Histology

Answer 1

Study of tissues and cells under a microscope

Question 2

Meristematic tissues

Answer 2

Can be differentiated
Produce cells that quickly differentiate or specialize and become permanent tissue
Differentiate ito 3 makn types
Dermal
Vascular
Ground

Question 3

Dermal tissues

Answer 3

Covers the plant
Can be found on the outer layer of the roots, stems and leaves

Functions:
Transpiration
Gas exchange
Defense

Question 4

Vascular tissues

Answer 4

The plumbing system if the plant

Functions:
Allows water, nutrients & dissolved sugars from photosynthesis to pass throgh the parts of the plant
Composed of 2 primary conducting tissue
Xylem
Phloem

Question 5

Ground tissue

Answer 5

Tissues that are not considered dermal or vascular tissues

Functions:
Store molecules such as starch
Photosynthesize ( such as mesophyll)
Support

Question 6

Permanent tissue

Answer 6

Tissues that cannot be differentiated further
They lost the ability to divide

Question 7

Parenchymal cells

Answer 7

Composes the horizontal rays in wood
Retains the ability to divide
Important in vegetative regeneration and wound healing
Responsible for photosynthesis, storage & transport
Integral part to vascular tissues where it provides routes of exchange of materials within and between xylem and phloem

Question 8

Collenchymal cells

Answer 8

Living cells with thick primary walls

Question 9

Sclerenchymal cells

Answer 9

Dead cells with very thick cell walls
Are lignified

Question 10

Safranin
Staining agent

Answer 10

C20H19N4Cl
Counterstain in coloring cell nuclei red

Question 11

Sieve plates

Answer 11

Thin plates which separate neighboring phloem cells

Question 12

Epidermal

Answer 12

Epidermis
Trichome hairs
Stomata

Question 13

Ground

Answer 13

Parenchyma
Collenchyma
Sclerenchyma
Mesophyll

Question 14

Vascular

Answer 14

Xylem
Phloem
Cambium

Question 15

Monocot roots

Answer 15

Fibrous
Form a wide network of thin roots that originates from the stem
Stay close to the surface of the soil

Question 16

Dicot roots

Answer 16

Taproots
Form a aingle thick root that grows deep into the soil
Smaller lateral branch

Question 17

Modified roots

Answer 17

Radish - fusiform root
Carrot - conical root
Turnip - napifor root
Mirabilis - tuberous root

Question 18

Roots

Answer 18

Subterranean system of plants
Main anchorage of plants
Absorbs water and minerals from substrate
Produce hormones to regulate overall plant growth

Question 19

Tap roots

Answer 19

As a food storage

Question 20

Mangrove roots

Answer 20

For respiration

Question 21

Potato and asparagus roots

Answer 21

Adventitious roots

Question 22

Banyan tree roots

Answer 22

Prop roots

Question 23

Corn roots

Answer 23

Stilt roots

Question 24

Money plant and vanilla roots

Answer 24

Climbing roots

Question 25

Orchids

Answer 25

Clinging roots

Question 26

Talisay tree roots

Answer 26

Butress roots

Question 27

Viacum and cuscuta

Answer 27

Sucking roots or haustoria

Question 28

Jussiaea

Answer 28

Floating root

Question 29

Water chestnut

Answer 29

Assimilatory root

Question 30

Stem

Answer 30

Provides the main axis to which the leaves, flowers and the fruit attach Can be woody and herbaceous

Question 31

Potato, ginger and gabi stem

Answer 31

As food storage

Question 32

Stem tendrils from axillary buds

Answer 32

Help support plants such as grapes, cucumber, watermelon and ampalaya

Question 33

For defense

Answer 33

Thorns of the citrus

Question 34

Stem of cactus

Answer 34

May photosynthesize

Question 35

Stolons or runners

Answer 35

Stems extend laterally along the soil surface

Question 36

Onion bulbs

Answer 36

Modified stem

Question 37

Leaves

Answer 37

Site for photosynthesis

Question 38

Leaf primordia

Answer 38

The first indication that a new leaf is on its way to maturity

Question 39

Bulge

Answer 39

Leaf butress, elongates until a flattened blade appears attached to the petiole

Question 40

Sessile leaves

Answer 40

Leaves with no petiole and attached directly to the stem

Question 41

Mesophyll

Answer 41

Where photosynthesis takes place

Question 42

Palisade mesophyll

Answer 42

A picket on cell layer thick mesophyll

Question 43

Spongy mesophyll

Answer 43

Collection of photosynthetic cells thatare loosely arrange to allow good difusion of gasses

Question 44

Leaf shapes and sizes

Answer 44

Inportant in the survival of plants

Question 45

Thicker leaves

Answer 45

If water is limited

Question 46

Smaller leaf blades

Answer 46

For areas with ating winds to minimize wind drag

Question 47

Phyllotaxy

Answer 47

Arrangement of the leaves

Question 48

Thigmotropism

Answer 48

The response of plants to touch

Question 49

Floating leaves

Answer 49

Water likies and water spinach have extra cells between the mesophyll to allow bouyancy

Question 50

Bracts

Answer 50

Extra layer of leaves underneath the flowers