chemistry 1.1 notes

Question 1

proton

Answer 1

positive

Question 2

electron

Answer 2

negative

Question 3

neutron

Answer 3

neutral

Question 4

elements

Answer 4

substances that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler substances

Question 5

what are the 6 elements all living organisms have

Answer 5

oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, phosphorous

Question 6

compounds

Answer 6

Form when electrons from elements

are either attracted to, shared with or transferred from one to another via a chemical bond

Question 7

ionic

Answer 7

electrons transfer from one element to another, oppositely charged ions are attracted

Question 8

hydrogen

Answer 8

interaction between slightly charged molecules

Question 9

covalent

Answer 9

two atoms share one more more pairs of electrons

Question 10

cohesion & adhesion

Answer 10

the ability to stick to itself and to something else

Question 11

universal solvent

Answer 11

the medium for biological reactions and processes throughout all life

Question 12

high specific heat

Answer 12

requires a lot of energy to change states of matter

Question 13

density

Answer 13

more dense as a liquid than a solid- all due to hydrogen bonding

Question 14

macromolecules

Answer 14

Carbon chains combined to form the backbone of large molecules- found in all living things

Question 15

monomers

Answer 15

small, basic units

Question 16

polymers

Answer 16

complex structures of monomers

Question 17

list the 4 macromolecules

Answer 17

proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids

Question 18

monomer of carbohydrates

Answer 18

monosaccaride

Question 19

polymer of carbohydrates

Answer 19

disaccharides and polysaccharides

Question 20

function of carbs

Answer 20

short term energy

Question 21

where are carbs found in

Answer 21

sugar and starches

Question 22

monomer of lipid

Answer 22

mainly fatty acids

Question 23

polymer of lipids

Answer 23

fats, oils, steroids

Question 24

function of lipids

Answer 24

long term energy and insulation

Question 25

where are lipids found in

Answer 25

fats and oils

Question 26

what is a phospholipid

Answer 26

make up the plasma membrane of the cell

Question 27

true or false: fatty acid group is hydrophilic

Answer 27

false

Question 28

true or false: phosphate group is hydrophilic

Answer 28

true

Question 29

what is the monomer of proteins

Answer 29

amino acids

Question 30

what is the polymer of proteins

Answer 30

polypeptide chains

Question 31

what is the function of proteins

Answer 31

enzymatic reactions, hormones, form bones and muscles

Question 32

where are proteins found

Answer 32

meats and yogurts

Question 33

what is the monomer of nucleic acids

Answer 33

nucleotides

Question 34

what is the polymer of nucleic acids

Answer 34

nucleic acids

Question 35

what is the function of nucleic acids

Answer 35

store and transport genetic information

Question 36

where are nucleic acids found in

Answer 36

dna and rna

Question 37

what are nucleic acids made of

Answer 37

CHONP

Question 38

what are proteins made of

Answer 38

CHON

Question 39

what are lipids made of

Answer 39

CHO

Question 40

what are carbs made of

Answer 40

CHO