enzymes and atp quiz

Question 1

what is a chemical reaction?

Answer 1

the breaking and creating of bonds between different substances

Question 2

do chemical reactions require energy?

Answer 2

yes

Question 3

what is activation energy?

Answer 3

the amount of energy needed to make a chemical reaction start

Question 4

what are reactants?

Answer 4

substances that are changed during a reaction

Question 5

what are products?

Answer 5

substances that are made by a chemical reaction

Question 6

does endothermic reactions absorb or release energy?

Answer 6

absorbs

Question 7

does exothermic reactions release or absorb energy?

Answer 7

release

Question 8

what is the formula for photosynthesis?

Answer 8

6CO2 + 6H2O –> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 9

is photosynthesis an endothermic or exothermic reaction

Answer 9

endothermic

Question 10

what is the formula for cellular respiration?

Answer 10

C6H12O6 + 6O2 –> 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 11

is cellular respiration endothermic or exothermic?

Answer 11

exothermic

Question 12

Enzymes are a type of _____

Answer 12

protein

Question 13

What is an enzyme?

Answer 13

Speeds up biochemical reactions by lowering activation energy

Question 14

what is a catalyst?

Answer 14

helps speed up reactions

Question 15

Are enzymes changed in a reaction? Can they used be many times?

Answer 15

They are not changed in a reaction, and can be used many times

Question 16

What do enzymes have? What is this also called?

Answer 16

An active site that can only fit one substrate; lock and key model

Question 17

What is induced fit?

Answer 17

active site changes shape to bind the substrate

Question 18

what prefix is all enzymes in?

Answer 18

-ase

Question 19

what prefix is all sugars in?

Answer 19

-ose

Question 20

what is lactose?

Answer 20

a disaccharide and two sugars

Question 21

what is lactase?

Answer 21

ability to break lactose into smaller parts

Question 22

what is lactose intolerant?

Answer 22

can’t drink or eat certain things and can’t break down lactose without lactase

Question 23

what does denatured mean?

Answer 23

becomes distorted and cannot bind its substate

Question 24

what are the 5 ways to change the rate of a chemical reaction?

Answer 24

temperature, pH, substrate concentration, catalysts, or competitive inhibitor

Question 25

temperature of a chemical reaction

Answer 25

increasing temperature increases the rate of reaction; molecules are moving faster

Question 26

pH in a chemical reaction

Answer 26

how acidic a solution is; most enzymes only work at very specific pH

Question 27

substrate concentration in a chemical reaction

Answer 27

the higher the amount of substrate, the faster the reaction

Question 28

catalysts in chemical reaction

Answer 28

speeds up reaction

Question 29

competitive inhibitor in chemical reactions

Answer 29

slows down reactions, opposite of catalysts

Question 30

when does the energy from ATP come from?

Answer 30

carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins

Question 31

carbohydrates

Answer 31

most commonly broken down for ATP

Question 32

lipids

Answer 32

broken down after carbs

Question 33

proteins

Answer 33

least likely to be broken down for energy

Question 34

how to make ATP?

Answer 34

cells must join together ADP and a phosphate using energy from food

Question 35

when atp is broken down, does it release or absorb energy?

Answer 35

release

Question 36

what is the structure of ATP?

Answer 36

nitrogen base, sugar ring, and 3 phosphate groups

Question 37

true or false: atp is changed back into adp when a phosphate

Answer 37

false

Question 38

is adp or atp recycled?

Answer 38

adp

Question 39

what is chemiosmosis

Answer 39

movement of ions down a concentration gradient

Question 40

what is ATP synthase?

Answer 40

used to add the 3rd phosphate to ADP to make ATP, using energy from the food you eat

Question 41

How do dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis interact with ATP?

Answer 41

Dehydration synthesis is defined as the construction of monomers into polymers. Hydrolysis is the breakdown of polymers into monomers. An example of this would be lactose is broken down into glucose (hydrolysis). ATP is the result of cellular respiration, which is an exothermic reaction.

Question 42

What is a eukaryote?

Answer 42

A cell with membranes and organelles

Question 43

What is a prokaryote?

Answer 43

They are cells that lack membranes or organelles.