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bio grade 9 > immune system (f) > Flashcards

immune system (f) Flashcards

(57 cards)

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1
Q

what is immunity

A

Resistance to an infection and defenses against disease

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2
Q

what are the two types of immunity

A

specific and non specific

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3
Q

nonspecific (innate)

A

1st and 2nd line of deffense

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4
Q

specific (acquired)

A

3rd line of defense

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5
Q

first line of defense

A

structural defense

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6
Q

example of 1st line of defense

A

skin and mucus

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7
Q

2nd line of defense

A

cell mediated, Macrophages surround & destroy any foreign matter

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8
Q

examples of 2nd line of defense

A

Fever & swelling/Inflammation

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9
Q

3rd line of defense

A

Lymphocytes (white blood cells)

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10
Q

what are the two types of white blood cells

A

b cells and t cells

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11
Q

b cells mature

A

mature in the bone marrow

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12
Q

examples of b cells

A

antibodies, plasma cells

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13
Q

t cells mature

A

mature in the thymus

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14
Q

example of t cells

A

Killer T & Helper T cells

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15
Q

what is a virus

A

it’s nonliving

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16
Q

example of macrophage

A

lysosomes

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17
Q

example of virus infections

A

cold, flu, HIV, Hepatitis, measles

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18
Q

example of bacterial infections

A

Bubonic plague, Lymes Disease, Strep throat

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19
Q

what are viral infections

A

Only reproduce INSIDE of a cell, they CANNOT live on their own!
They are non-living and require our cells to survive

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20
Q

three shapes to the bacteria

A

circle, rod, sphere

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21
Q

how does bacterial infections reproduce

A

binary fission

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22
Q

what are spike proteins

A

feature of all viruses

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23
Q

what is apc

Study These Flashcards
A

antigen presenting cells

24
Q

who are the middle man of the immune system

Study These Flashcards
A

helper t cells

25
killer t cells
look for cells with that specific antigen and destroy them
26
memory cells
b cell ready to release antibodies if infected again
27
Considered the "middle man" of the immune system
Helper T Cells
28
A fever is part of the..
Innate Immune System
29
Skin is part of the...
Innate Immune System
30
Antigens are part of the...
Acquired Immune System
31
Memory Cells are part of the...
Acquired Immune System
32
Inflammation is part of the...
Innate Immune System
33
Our body's first line of defense against a pathogen is
Skin & Mucus
34
Once a macrophage as digested a pathogen, it presents the antigen to a...
Helper T Cell
35
Which cells are responsible for destroying infected cells?
Killer T Cells
36
Which cells are responsible for communicating the message of the shape of the antigen?
Helper T Cells
37
Antibodies come from...
B Cells
38
An antibody is a...
Protein
39
T/F Antibodies are specific to antigens
True
40
Memory cells are made from...
B Cells
41
An invader/bad particle in our body
Antigen/pathogen
42
Chemical that swells
Histamine
43
What type of vaccine is the Covid-19 vaccine?
mRNA
44
What is the unifying feature of all Covid-19 variants?
Spike Protein
45
Bacteria is
living
46
Antibiotics work against...
Bacteria
47
A flu vaccine is usually made with...
Live/weakened strand
48
macrophage
links nonspecific and specific
49
What mRNA does & what it’s coding for specifically
Our bodies use the mRNA to code spike proteins out of ribosomes
50
Organelle that reads/processes the mRNA
macrophages, they break down the virus
51
The protein that your body will see as a pathogen
Spiked proteins is a pathogen because since it is foreign, our body will want to destroy it
52
The importance of B cells
B Cells create the antibodies to stop antigens from infecting cells. They are engulfed by macrophages.
53
what are memory cells
immunity
54
what does helper t cells bind to
APC
55
what does htc do
alert b cells to antigen
56
Complete the sentence: A Killer T Cell will destroy any and all _______________ while an antibody will attach to and deactivate any and all ______________.
Antigens / Infected Cells
57
Antibodies are considered...

bio grade 9 (18 decks)

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