Chemistry

Question 1

Element

Answer 1

fundamental building blocks for everything, can’t be broken down or converted

Question 2

Trace Elements

Answer 2

make up <.01% of body but are essential for bodily functions

Question 3

Compound

Answer 3

two or more different elements in a defined ratio

Question 4

Atoms

Answer 4

smallest unit of structure, made of protons, neutrons, and electrons

Question 5

Proton

Answer 5

positive charge, half of nucleus

Question 6

Neutron

Answer 6

no charge, half of nucleus

Question 7

Electron

Answer 7

negative charge, orbit nucleus

Question 8

Atomic Number

Answer 8

number of protons, half of weight of atom

Question 9

Shell

Answer 9

ring of electron surrounding nucleus

Question 10

Valence Electron

Answer 10

electrons on outermost shell, highest energy

Question 11

Stable

Answer 11

full valence electron shell

Question 12

Electronegativity

Answer 12

how strong a nucleus attracts/holds electrons

Question 13

Chemical Reaction

Answer 13

atoms interact, share, release, or steal electrons to gain stability

Question 14

Chemical Bonds

Answer 14

interaction of valence electron cause attraction that hold atoms together

Question 15

Covalent Bond

Answer 15

strong, share electrons to complete valence shell

Question 16

Nonpolar Covalent Bond

Answer 16

symmetrical charge throughout atoms, hydrophobic

Question 17

Polar Covalent Bond

Answer 17

asymmetrical charge throughout atoms, hydrophilic

Question 18

Hydrogen Bond

Answer 18

positive end of polar covalent bond bonds with negative end of another polar covalent bond

Question 19

Ionic Bond

Answer 19

one atom pulls electron form outer shell of other atom, 2 ions bonded together

Question 20

Ion

Answer 20

atom with different number of electrons and protons

Question 21

Cation

Answer 21

positively charged ion

Question 22

Anion

Answer 22

negatively charged ion

Question 23

van der Waals Interaction

Answer 23

attraction when atoms are really close together

Question 24

Molecule

Answer 24

two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds

Question 25

Energy

Answer 25

the capacity to move against an opposing force

Question 26

Potential Energy

Answer 26

stored energy

Question 27

Kinetic Energy

Answer 27

moving energy