Proteins

Question 1

Proteins

Answer 1

most structurally sophisticated macromolecule, carry out most cell functions, made of amino acids

Question 2

Amino Acids

Answer 2

monomer of polymers of proteins, made of asymmetric carbon attached to amino group, carboxyl group, H, and R group

Question 3

Categories of Amino Acids

Answer 3

nonpolar, polar uncharged, charged, special cases

Question 4

Peptide Bond

Answer 4

dehydration synthesis that bonds amino group and carboxyl group of amino acids together

Question 5

N terminus

Answer 5

amino group end of polypeptide (beginning)

Question 6

C terminus

Answer 6

carboxyl group end of polypeptide (end)

Question 7

Polypeptide

Answer 7

linear sequence of amino acids, unfolded protein

Question 8

Globular Protein Shape

Answer 8

bunched up polypeptide chain protein shape, in catalytic proteins

Question 9

Fibrous Protein Shape

Answer 9

elongated rows protein shape, in fibrous proteins

Question 10

Protein Folding

Answer 10

happens while building, final form is max stability and min energy

Question 11

Primary Protein Structure

Answer 11

genetically determined linear sequence of amino acids, held together by peptide bonds in backbone

Question 12

Secondary Protein Structure

Answer 12

beta sheet or alpha helix held by hydrogen bonds within backbone

Question 13

Tertiary Protein Structure

Answer 13

interaction among R groups of peptide chains

Question 14

Disulfide Bond

Answer 14

2 cysteine residues are close together, remove 2H from sulfydryl groups, very stable bond

Question 15

Quaternary Protein Structure

Answer 15

proteins made of 2+ peptide chains

Question 16

Denature

Answer 16

protein unfolds, can’t function, caused by environmental conditions (temperature, ionic strength, pH)

Question 17

Molecular Chaperonin

Answer 17

protein that folds proteins