Chemistry Of Life

Question 1

Atoms

Answer 1

The smallest part of the atom

Question 2

What are the 4 most common atoms in the body?

Answer 2

Hydrogen, Carbon, Nitrogen and Oxygen

Question 3

Elements

Answer 3

Are made up of one or more atoms of the same kind

Question 4

Compounds

Answer 4

More than one type of atoms
Ex: (H2O)

Question 5

Chemical Bonding

Answer 5

A process in which 2 atoms are sharing or transferring electrons between them

Question 6

Ionic Bonding

Answer 6

Gives or takes electrons (opposites attract)

Question 7

Ions

Answer 7

An atom with an electrical charge

Question 8

Cations

Answer 8

Have a + charge

Question 9

Anions

Answer 9

Have a - charge

Question 10

Covalent bonding

Answer 10

A bond where atoms share electrons

Question 11

Synthesis reactions

Answer 11

When 2 or more molecules are going to for a larger more complex molecule; require energy

Question 12

Decomposition reactions

Answer 12

Breaks bonds; energy is released

Question 13

Exchange reactions

Answer 13

2 reactants exchanging or replacing another

Question 14

Potential Energy

Answer 14

Stored energy; stored in bonds

Question 15

Kinetic energy

Answer 15

Stored energy is released as movement or work; bonds break; heat released

Question 16

PH stands for

Answer 16

Power of Hydrogen

Question 17

Acid

Answer 17

Has a pH <7; more H+(ions)

Question 18

Base/Alkaline

Answer 18

Has a pH >7; has less H+(ions)

Question 19

Ph scale

Answer 19

Measures the acidity or alkalinity

Question 20

Normal pH of Blood

Answer 20

7.35-7.45

Question 21

Water

Answer 21

60% of mammal make up; absorbs heat in chemical reactions

Question 22

Carbohydrates
(CHO atoms)

Answer 22

“Saccharids” sugars; primary energy for the body;glucose, galactose, fructose

Question 23

Lipids
(CHO not water soluble)

Answer 23

Fats; store energy; triglycerides; can be used for energy if no carbs

Question 24

Proteins
(CHO and Nitrogen or Sulfur)

Answer 24

Make amino acid chains; 20 different types

Question 25

Nucleic acids

Answer 25

Nucleotides, DNA, RNA, bases

Question 26

Nucleotides

Answer 26

Phosphate and sugar(carb) strands; nitrogen bases in various sequence sets and pairs

Question 27

Nitrogen Bases

Answer 27

Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine (DNA), Uracil (RNA)

Question 28

DNA

Answer 28

Deoxyribonucleic acid; genetic material of cell; info necessary for proteins

Question 29

RNA

Answer 29

Ribonucleic; takes info from DNA to make proteins