Chemistry of the Elements

Question 0

Period

Answer 0

Row of elements across the table

Question 1

Group

Answer 1

Is a column of elements (going down)

Question 2

Left of the periodic table is…..

Answer 2

METALS

Question 3

The right of the table is…

Answer 3

NON-METALS

Question 4

Metal properties

Answer 4

• conduct electricity

* metal oxides are BASIC

Question 5

Non - metals properties

Answer 5

• do not conduct electricity

* non-metal oxides are ACIDIC

Question 6

Elements in the same group have…

Answer 6

Similar chemical properties

Question 7

Elements in the same group have …

Answer 7

The same number of electrons in their outer shell

Question 8

Chemical properties are determined by the number of…….

Answer 8

Electrons in the outer shell

Question 9

Noble gasses

Answer 9

• group 0
• are all inert/unreactive
• have full outer shells of electrons

Question 10

REACTION OF GP1 METAL + WATER:

Lithium

Answer 10

• floats
• fizzes + colourless gas
• solid disappears
• colourless solution forms

Question 11

REACTION OF GP1 METAL + WATER:

Sodium

Answer 11

• floats
• skates around surface
• melts into a ball
• solid disappears
• fizzes + colourless gas
• colourless solution forms

Question 12

REACTION OF GP1 METAL + WATER:

Potassium

Answer 12

• floats
• ignites on contact + burns with lilac flame
• skates around
• solid disappears (melts into a ball)
• colourless solution forms

Question 13

Group 1 + water =

Metal

Answer 13

Metal + hydrogen

Hydroxide

Question 14

Reactivity of gr1 elements INCREASES as you go …… The …….. .

Answer 14

Down the group.

Question 15

What colour is CHLORINE and it’s physical state?

Answer 15

GREEN and GAS.

Question 16

What colour is BROMINE and it’s physical state?

Answer 16

RED/BROWN and LIQUID.

Question 17

What colour is IODINE and it’s physical state?

Answer 17

GREY had SOLID.

Question 18

Hydrogen chloride - simple molecular covalent GAS. What does hydrogen chloride become in WATER?

Answer 18

Hydrochloric acid (aq).

Question 19

When hydrogen chloride is dissolved in water it becomes DISSOCIATED INTO IONS

Answer 19

HCL(g) + H2O = HCL(aq) ~ H+(aq) + Cl-(aq)

Question 20

Reactivity increases …. The group

Answer 20

Up the group

Question 21

Oxidation Is the …… of electrons

Answer 21

Loss

Question 22

Reduction Is the …… of electrons

Answer 22

Gain

Question 23

Half equation for reduction

Answer 23

Cl2 + 2e- = 2Cl-

Question 24

Half equation for oxidation

Answer 24

2Br- = Br2 + 2e-

Question 25

RUSTING of IRON: experiment | (iron wool)

Answer 25

Test tube upside down in beaker of water with 2 elastic bands - 1 shows the starting position of the water as the second shows the position over a period of time after water level rises and you determine the volume with water in tube to each level and pour into measuring cilinder.

Question 26

METAL CARBONATES DECOMPOSE ON HEATING TO PRODUCE CARBON DIOXIDE

Answer 26

Copper = Copper oxide + carbon dio | Carbonate

Question 27

What's the equation for the preparation of carbon dioxide

Answer 27

Calcium + Hydrochloric=calcium Carbonate Acid. Chloride +water +carbon dioxide

Question 28

What are the properties of co2?

Answer 28

* colourless, odourless * more dense than air * slightly soluble in water

Question 29

What are the uses of carbon dioxide?

Answer 29

* carbonating drinks (fizzy drinks) | * fire extinguisher

Question 30

What's the equation for the preparation of hydrogen?

Answer 30

Acid + metal = salt + hydrogen

Question 31

Hydrogen burns to form water. What is the equation for the COMBUSTION OF HYDROGEN?

Answer 31

2H2 + O2 = 2H2O

Question 32

CHEMICAL TEST FOR WATER:

Answer 32

Anhydrous copper sulphate | (WHITE powder) turns BLUE

Question 33

What is the CHEMICAL equation for the chemical test for WATER?

Answer 33

CuSO4 + H2O = CuSO4.5H2O

Question 34

``` TESTS FOR ANIONS: Halide test (Cl-,Br-,I-) ```

Answer 34

``` To a solution of the halide add DILUTE NITRIC ACID and then SILVER NITRATE SOLUTION. Results: Chloride Cl- ~ white precip Bromide Br- ~ cream precip Iodide I- ~ yellow precip ```

Question 35

``` TESTS FOR ANIONS: Sulphate test (SO4 2-) ```

Answer 35

To a solution of the unknown SULPHATE add dilute HYDROCHLORIC ACID followed by BARIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTION . Results: Sulphate ion, SO4 2- ~ white precip

Question 36

``` TESTS FOR ANIONS: Carbonate test (CO3 2-) ```

Answer 36

To unknown carbonate add DILUTE HYDROCHLORIC ACID and test any gas involved by bubbling through lime water Results: Carbonate CO3 2-