Chemistry Vocab And Defintions Flashcards
(24 cards)
Alkali metals
Highly reactive soft metals
Alkaline earth metals
Less reactive than alkali metals
Family/group
Vertical columns, chemical families have similar physical and chemical properties.
Halogen
Highly reactive non-metals.
Metal
Shiny, hard, good conductors.
Metalloid
Elements that share properties with metals and non metals.
Noble gas
Most stable and un-reactive metals. At room temp, colourless and odourless.
Non-metal
Not shiny, poor conductors and either gases or brittle solids.
Period
Horizontal rows in a periodic table.
Atomic #
The number of protons in the nucleus.
Valence shell
The shell around the nucleus of an atom
Chemical bonds
Links between atoms 2 or more atoms that hold the atoms together.
Exothermic
Characterized by a release of heat light and sound through electrical or other means; used to describe a chemical reaction.
Endothermic
Characterized by an absorption of energy; used to describe a chemical reaction.
Chemical/physical change
Chem: Substances combined to form new substances
Physical: A change in appearance but no new substance formed
Kinetic molecular theory
Explains how particles move in different states of matter.
Heat, Light, Gas bubbles
All evidence of a chemical change.
Sound
Evidence of a chemical reaction.
Reactant
Substances that react in a chem reaction.
Ionic compounds
In ionic compounds, atoms gain or lose electrons to form ions.
Covalent compounds
In covalent compounds, atoms combine by sharing electrons to form molecules.
Polyatomic ions
In polyatomic ions, some molecules gain or lose 1 or more electrons as their atoms combine to form a molecule.
Atom
Basic building block of matter.
Standard atomic notation
Shows an elements symbol, mass number, and atomic number.
