Chemotherapy

Question 1

<p>How do alkylating agents work?</p>

Answer 1

<p>They attach alkyl groups to DNA, allows cross linking of base pairs, damaging DNA CELL CYLCE NON SPECIFIC</p>

Question 2

Give examples of alkylating agents

Answer 2

Question 3

<p>What do antimetabolites mimic?</p>

Answer 3

<p>Similar chemical structure to essential metabolites needed by the cell prior to cell division</p>

Question 4

<p>What stage of the cell cycle do antimetabolites work?</p>

Answer 4

<p>In the S phase - since this is the phase that replicated DNA</p>

Question 5

<p>What is the effect of antimetabolites?</p>

Answer 5

<p>They prevent purines and pyrimidines becoming incorporated in to DNA during theS phase(of thecell cycle), stopping normal development and division.</p>

<p></p>

<p>They bind irreversibly with vital enzymes to inhibit cell division.</p>

Question 6

Name some of the common antimetabolite

Answer 6

Question 7

<p>What tpye of drug are vinca alkoids?</p>

Answer 7

<p>Microtubule targetting agents</p>

Question 8

<p>What is the function of vinca alkoids?</p>

<p></p>

Answer 8

<p></p>

<p>Prevent microtubuleformation and spindle formation - preventing metaphase</p>

Question 9

List important vinca alkaloids

Answer 9

Question 10

<p>What is the function of taxanes?</p>

Answer 10

<p>Promotes spindles and freeze cells at that stage of cycles.</p>

<p></p>

<p>Promotes assembly and prevents disassembly</p>

Question 11

List a taxane

Answer 11

Question 12

<p>What are the types of antimitotic antibiotics?</p>

Answer 12

<p>Anthracylines and Non-anthracylines</p>

Question 13

<p>What is the effect ofAnthracyclines and Non-anthracyclines?</p>

Answer 13

<p>Inhibit DNA and RNA synthesis</p>

<p>Membrane binding - increase permeability to various ions</p>

<p>Free radicals disrupt DNA chain and prevent mitosis</p>

<p>Metal ion chelation resulting in cytotoxic compounds</p>

<p>Alkylation blocking DNA replication</p>

Question 14

At what stage of the cell cylcle do Antimetabolites, Vinca Alkaloids, miotic inhibitors and Taxoids function?

Answer 14

Question 15

<p>What other type of drugs can offer help in the treatment of cancer?</p>

Answer 15

<p>Hormonal drugs</p>

<div>Anti-oestrogen Tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors for breast cancer</div>

<div></div>

<div><p>Anti-androgen (CPA, flutamide) for prostate cancer</p><p></p><p>Immunotherapy (PD-1, PDL-1)</p></div>