Chest, Abdomen, and Pelvis Flashcards
(83 cards)
1
Q
6 structures the thoracic cavity includes
A
Pleural membranes Lungs Trachea Esophagus Pericardium Heart and great vessels
2
Q
Thin double-layered sac which encloses the heart
Fluid is contained within the layers and lubricates the constantly rubbing surfaces
A
Pericardium
3
Q
3 parts of the pleural membrane and cavity
A
Visceral pleura
Parietal pleura
Pleural cavity
4
Q
Pleura that covers the lungs
A
Visceral pleura
5
Q
Pleura that lines the ribcage and covers the upper surface of the diaphragm
A
Parietal pleura
6
Q
Space between the two pleura that contains a small amount of fluid
A
Pleural cavity
7
Q
Innominate artery
A
Brachiocephalic artery
8
Q
3 parts of the bony thorax
A
Sternum/breastbone
Ribs (12)
Thoracic Vertebrae (12)
9
Q
6 parts of the sternum
A
Manubrium Jugular Notch Clavicular Notch Body Sternal Angle Manubriosternal Junction Xiphoid Process
10
Q
Cartilage that connects the sternum and the ends of the ribs
A
Costal cartilage
11
Q
Ribs 1-7 that attach directly to the sternum
A
True ribs
12
Q
Ribs 8-10 that do not attach directly to the sternum
A
False ribs
13
Q
Ribs 11-12 that attach only to vertebrae
A
Floating ribs
14
Q
Space between the ribs
A
Intercostal space
15
Q
First part of the rib off the vertebrae
A
Head of the rib
16
Q
Part just down from the head of the rib
A
Neck of the rib
17
Q
Notch on the rib that contains a facet for articulation with transverse process
A
Tubercle of the rib
18
Q
Shaft of the rib
A
Body of the rib
19
Q
Allow the joining of the vertebrae and transverse process
A
Facets
20
Q
End of the rib towards the vertebrae
A
Vertebral end
21
Q
End of the rib towards the sternum
A
Sternal end
22
Q
Where the ribs turns laterally
A
Angle of the rib
23
Q
Groove located along the inferior and internal border of each rib
A
Costal groove
24
Q
What thoracic vertebra is approximately 2 inches above the level of the jugular notch?
A
T1
25
What thoracic vertebrae are at the level of the jugular notch?
T2-T3
26
What thoracic vertebrae are at the level of sternal angle?
T4-T5
27
What thoracic vertebra is at the level of inferior angles of the scapula?
T7
28
What thoracic vertebrae are at the level of xiphoid process?
T9-T10
29
Articulation between the sternal extremity of the clavicles and the clavicular notch of the manubrium
Sternoclavicular joint
30
Articulation that joins the head of the rib and the vertebral body
Costovertebral joint
31
Articulation between the tubercle of the rib and the transverse process
Costotransverse joint
32
Articulation between the anterior part of the rib and the costal cartilage
Costochondral joint
33
Articulation between the sternum and the costal cartilage
Sternocostal joint
34
Articulation found between the costal cartilage between the 6-10th ribs
Interchondral joint
35
Joint between the manubrium and the sternum
Manubriosternal joint/sternal angle
36
Joint at the end of the sternum and beginning of xiphoid process
Xiphisternal joint
37
8 joints of the thoracic cavity
```
Sternoclavicular
Costovertebral
Costotransverse
Costochondral
Sternocostal
Interchondral
Manubriosternal/sternal angle
Xiphisternal
```
38
7 parts of the alimentary canal
```
Mouth
Pharynx/esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Rectum
Anus
```
39
Membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs
Peritoneum
40
2 parts of the peritoneum
Parietal peritoneum
| Visceral peritoneum
41
Outer lining of the abdomen
Parietal peritoneum
42
Inner lining of the internal organs
Visceral peritoneum
43
Large organ in the abdomen that secretes bile and is active in the formation of certain blood proteins and in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins
Liver
44
Small, pear-shaped muscular sac under the right lobe of the liver; where bile secreted by the liver is stored until needed by the body for digestion
Gallbladder
45
Contains juices that have enzymes that help digest food in the small intestine as well as hormone production like insulin
Pancreas
46
Organ that is located in the upper-left part of the abdomen, not far from the stomach, that produces lymphocytes, which are important elements in the immune system
Spleen
47
Organs that remove waste products from the blood and produce urine
Kidneys
48
Duct that carries away the urine from a kidney to the bladder
Ureter
49
Kidneys, ureters, bladder
KUB
50
What is the average length of the small intestine?
About 22 feet
51
Fingerlike projections that assist in the process of digestion/absorption
Villi
52
3 parts of the small intestine
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
53
Short section of the small intestine that takes in semi-digested food from the stomach and continues the digestion process; also uses bile from the gallbladder, liver, and pancreas to help digest food
Duodenum
54
Middle section of the small intestine that carries food through rapidly, with wave-like muscle contractions, towards the ileum
Jejunum
55
Last section and longest part of the small intestine where most of the nutrients from your food are absorbed before emptying into the large intestine (this is where it joins)
Ileum
56
The muscular portion of the intestinal wall contains an external band of longitudinal muscle the forms into three thickened bands
One positioned anteriorly and two positioned posteriorly
Taeniae coli
57
Series of pouches formed by the taeniae coli pulling muscle tone
Haustra
58
Valve that connects the ileum and the cecum (small to large intestine)
Ileocecal valve
59
4 main parts of the large intestine
Cecum
Colon
Rectum
Anal canal
60
First part of the large intestine
Cecum
61
4 parts of the colon
Ascending
Transverse
Descending
Sigmoid
62
Terminates at the anus
Anal canal
63
Sharp bend between the ascending colon and the transverse colon that lies in the right upper quadrant of the human abdomen.
Hepatic/right colic flexure
64
Sharp bend between the transverse colon and the descending colon
Splenic/left colic flexure
65
Common bile duct joins the pancreatic duct and they enter together or side by side into this enlarged chamber that opens into the descending portion of the duodenum
Ampulla of Vater/hepatopancreatic ampulla
66
Circular muscle that controls the Ampulla of Vater and aids in digestion
Sphincter of Oddi
67
4 abdominal quadrants
Right upper quadrant (RUQ)
Left upper quadrant (LUQ)
Right lower quadrant (RLQ)
Left lower quadrant (LLQ)
68
2 apertures of the true pelvis
Pelvic inlet/brim/superior pelvic aperture
| Pelvic outlet/inferior pelvic aperture
69
Top of sacrum to pubis
Pelvic inlet
Pelvic brim
Superior pelvic aperture
70
Tip of coccyx to pubis; closed by the pelvic diaphragm
Pelvic outlet/inferior pelvic aperture
71
Expanded portion of the pelvic cavity situated above and in front of the pelvic brim
False/greater pelvis
72
Part of the pelvic cavity which is situated below and behind the pelvic brim
True/lesser pelvis
73
3 bones that joint to form the acetabulum
Ilium
Pubis
Ischium
74
7 parts of the ilium
```
Body
Ala
Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)
Posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS)
Posterior inferior iliac spine (PIIS)
Greater sciatic notch
```
75
Curved wing of the ilium
Ala
76
2 parts of the pubis
Superior ramus
| Inferior ramus
77
5 parts of the iscium
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Body
Ischial ramus
Ischial tuberosity
Obturator foramen
Ischial spine
```
78
4 structures the urinary system consists of
Two kidneys
Two ureters
Bladder
Urethra
79
Glands that produce epinephrine
Adrenal/suprarenal glands
80
Innermost portion of the kidney
Renal medulla
81
Sections of the renal medulla
Renal pyramids
82
Location where the renal pyramids in the medulla empty urine into the minor calyx
Renal papilla
83
Portion between the renal pyramids
Renal column
