Chlamydia Flashcards
why is chlamydia an obligate intracellular pathogen
cannot make ATP and thus depends on host cell ATP
describe two stages of chlamydia life cycle
elementary bodies- small, non multiplying w/ rigid cell wall. transmits infection from cell to cell or person to person
initial bodies (reticulate bodies)- larger, actively multiplyng, lacks rigid wall, non infectious
describe gram stain of chlamydia
gram indeterminant
describe the intracellular growth cycle of chlamydia
elementary bodies enter by phagocytosis (can enter not phagocytotic)
during 1st 24 hours, elementary bodies lose cell walls and become initial bodies
binary fission occurs. some progeny revert back to elementary bodies
3 classifications of chlamydia
chlamydphilia psittaci- causes psittiacosis- 1 serotype
chlamydophilia pneumoniae- causes pneumonia- 1 serotype
chlamydia trachmatis- many serotypes- trachoma, lymphogranuloma, pneumonia, urethritis
chlamydophilia psittaci infection
parasite of birds- causes subclinical infection w/ constant fecal excretion
humans acquire by inhaling bird feces
chlamydophilia psittaci symptoms
can travel in the blood- causes fever and headache- causes interstitial pneumonia
chlamydophilia pneumonia causes….
causes significant portion of pneumonia in adults
atypical pneumonia
chlamydophilia pneumonia transmission
spread person to person w/ respiratory aerosols
chlamydophilia pneumonia is associated w/ what other disease
atherosclerosis
chlamydia trachomatis D-K causes…
nongonococcal urethritis
many males are asymptomatic. disease causes purulent urethral discharge
increases liklihood of HIV b/c it draws immune cells into genital areas
complications of chlamydia trachomatis nongonoccal urethritis
sometimes causes more serious disease involving epididimus or fallopian tubes
can cause sterlility or ectotopic pregnancy
chlamydia trachomatis D-K in infants
infected women (symptomsatic or no) give birth to child and child gets inclusion conjunctivitis
could also cause chlamydia pneumonia
in adults, inclusion conjunctivits can be an STD
chlamydia trachomatis trachoma
causes by serotypes A B C
eye infection- mechanical transmission (finger to eye or flies in the eyes)
chronic reinfection of conjuctiva causes infolding of eyelashes that results in corneal scarring and blindness
azithromycin is very effective
chlamydia trachomatis lymphogranuloma venerum
caused by serotypes L1, 2, 3
transmitted venerally
symptom is painless papule progressing to ulcerating vesicle w/in 2 weeks
may progress to pain suppurating disease of regional lymph nodes
chlamydia treatment
tetracyclins
azythromycin
lab diagnosis of chlyamydial infection
share a group Ag
C pneumonia or psittaci have Ab assays (distinct serotypes)
C trachomatis- direct immunofluorescent, immunoassay, DNA probe, or PCR test
basic rickettsia properties
acquired from arthropods
obligate intracellular growth
cycle: enter by phagocytosis, multiple slowly, released by lysis
rickettsia prowazekii
causes typhus
incubation period is 10 days
abrupt fever and severe headache
rash follows 4 to 7 days later
untreated disease fatal except in in children
rickettsia prowazekii transmission
human - body louse - human - body louse
incubation is 10 days
rickettsia prowazekii treatment
tetracyclin
rickettsia prowazekii tests
observing rise in Ab titers, comparing acute convalescent
LFT
PCR
brill zinsser disease
latent rickettsia prowazekii reactivates after years or decades
rickettsia prowazekii can exist in flying squirrels and squirrel lice
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